Correct Answer: B

Rationale:
Choice A is wrong because decreasing insoluble fiber intake can worsen constipation. Insoluble fiber adds bulk to the stool and helps it pass more easily through the colon. Clients who take opioid medications should increase their intake of insoluble fiber from sources such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds. Exercise can help stimulate bowel movements and prevent constipation, which is a common side effect of opioid medications. Exercise can also improve blood circulation, reduce stress, and enhance mood, which can benefit clients who have chronic pain.
Choice C is wrong because drinking less water can lead to dehydration and hardening of the stool, which can make it more difficult to pass. Clients who take opioid medications should drink plenty of water to keep the stool soft and moist.
Choice D is wrong because taking a laxative every day can cause dependence, tolerance, and electrolyte imbalance. Laxatives should be used only as a last resort and under the guidance of a health care provider. Clients who take opioid medications should try other methods of preventing constipation first, such as increasing exercise, fiber, and water intake.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale:
Choice A is wrong because flushing the catheter with saline should be done after securing the catheter to the skin with a transparent dressing and attaching a primed piece of extension tubing to the catheter.
Choice B is wrong because retracting the stylet should be done after advancing the catheter into the vein and releasing the tourniquet from the client's arm.
Choice C is wrong because releasing the tourniquet should be done after advancing the catheter into the vein and before retracting the stylet. This is because after puncturing the skin and the vein, the nurse needs to advance the catheter into the vein with the finger hub to ensure proper placement and prevent complications such as infiltration or phlebitis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Reporting unusual bleeding is critical with warfarin due to bleeding risk. Green leafy vegetables affect efficacy, antacids are unrelated, and weight gain is not expected.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Bruising is a common adverse effect of clopidogrel, an antiplatelet medication, due to its inhibition of platelet aggregation, increasing the risk of bleeding.
Choice B is incorrect because weight gain is not associated with clopidogrel; it may occur with other cardiac medications like beta-blockers.
Choice C is incorrect because tinnitus is not a typical side effect of clopidogrel; it is more associated with aspirin or quinine.
Choice D is incorrect because clopidogrel does not affect blood glucose levels; hyperglycemia is unrelated to its mechanism.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale:
Choice A is wrong because synthetic fabrics can generate static electricity, which can also cause sparks and ignite oxygen. The client's bedding should be made of cotton or wool, which are natural fabrics that do not produce static electricity.
Choice B is wrong because petroleum jelly is a petroleum-based product that can react with oxygen and cause skin irritation or burns. The client should use water-based moisturizers to soothe the mucous membranes.
Choice C is wrong because alcohol-based cleaning products are also flammable and can cause fires or explosions when exposed to oxygen. The client should use mild soap and water to clean the equipment, and follow the manufacturer's instructions for maintenance. Nail polish remover contains acetone, which is a flammable substance that can ignite in the presence of oxygen. Using nail polish remover around the client can increase the risk of fire and burn injuries.