ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Pharm Comprehensive Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is to start using fluticasone by MDI twice daily. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Inspecting the mouth for lesions daily is important to detect oral thrush, a potential side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer lorazepam 1 mg PO at bedtime. The amount available is lorazepam 2 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 0.5
Rationale:
To administer the correct dose of lorazepam, which is 1 mg, when only 2 mg tablets are available, the nurse should administer half a tablet. This is because each tablet contains 2 mg of lorazepam, and the prescribed dose is 1 mg.
Extract:
Vital Signs
1200:
Temperature 38.6° C (10.5° F)
Heart rate 109/min
Respiratory rate 28/min
Blood pressure 106/54 mm Hg
Oxygen saturation 94% on room air
Nurses' Notes
Client presents to ED with report of shortness of breath for 2 days, with headache, chills, fever, sore throat, and cough. States they went to a music concert recently "and probably picked up some kind of virus." Oriented to person, place, and time. Appears lethargic, difficulty answering questioning due to shortness of breath. Follows simple commands, moves all extremities with weakness.
Client's face is flushed, sinus tachycardia, rate of 109/min, S152 heart sounds heard on auscultation. Pulses palpable.
Breath sounds with crackles to right lower lobe, tachypnea, rate of 28/min. Frequent productive cough with thick yellow sputum. Client denies hemoptysis. Unable to lie down, states they are "more comfortable sitting up."
Bowel sounds active x 4 quadrants. Denies diarrhea, last bowel movement yesterday. States "no appetite since I've been sick."
Reports decreased urination over past 24 hr. "Haven't been drinking as much water as I should because my throat hurts."
Client reports they have not had a pneumococcal vaccine and does not get annual influenza vaccinations. States, "I just hate needles."
Diagnostic Results
1230:
Chest x-ray:
Areas of increased density and white infiltrates to lower right lobe indicative of pneumonia
Medical History
1215:
70 years of age
No significant medical history other than primary concern
Well nourished
Home Medications:
Daily multi-vitamin
Vitamin D
Social History.
Lives alone, partner died 5 years ago
Drinks 1 to 2 glasses of red wine daily
Has never smoked
Walks 2 to 3 miles 6 days/week
Question 3 of 5
Select 4 findings in the client's medical record that place them at risk for pneumonia.
Correct Answer: A,C,E,F
Rationale: The client has not received pneumococcal vaccine, which increases susceptibility to pneumococcal pneumonia. The client has not received influenza vaccine, which increases susceptibility to influenza-related pneumonia. The client's fluid intake seems to be reduced, as indicated by their decreased urination and reports of not drinking much water due to a sore throat, which can contribute to the risk of infection. Being 70 years old increases susceptibility to respiratory infections like pneumonia.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
The nurse inspects the airway. There is no visible trauma, and the airway appears to be patent. What other assessment items are included in the primary survey? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,D,F
Rationale: Assessment of circulation is critical in the primary survey to identify and manage life-threatening conditions such as shock or severe bleeding. Assessing ventilation is a crucial part of the primary survey. Exposure is part of the primary survey, ensuring that the client is completely exposed for a thorough assessment while protecting their privacy and warmth.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Daily antihistamines can help control itching associated with atopic dermatitis.