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ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions

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Question 1 of 5

A nurse is teaching a client who has a complete spinal cord injury about bowel and bladder management. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: A,B,C,E

Rationale: Stool softeners, suprapubic or self-intermittent catheterization, and digital stimulation address common bowel and bladder dysfunctions in spinal cord injuries, preventing complications like constipation and urinary retention.

Question 2 of 5

A client with atrial fibrillation is prescribed digoxin. Which finding indicates toxicity?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Nausea and yellow vision are classic signs of digoxin toxicity.

Question 3 of 5

A nurse is assessing a client who has a spinal cord injury. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect with neurogenic shock? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: A,D

Rationale: Hypothermia and bradycardia are characteristic of neurogenic shock due to loss of sympathetic control, leading to heat loss and unopposed parasympathetic activity.

Question 4 of 5

Which of the following are symptoms of multiple sclerosis? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer: B,C,E

Rationale:
Choice A: Photosensitivity is incorrect because it is not a common symptom of multiple sclerosis, though visual disturbances like optic neuritis may occur.
Choice B: Memory issues is correct as cognitive impairment, including memory problems, is common in MS.
Choice C: Lhermitte's sign is correct, characterized by an electric shock-like sensation down the spine with neck flexion, often due to cervical spinal cord lesions.
Choice D: Seizures is incorrect as they are not typical in MS.
Choice E: Central vision loss is correct due to optic neuritis, a frequent MS symptom.

Question 5 of 5

Which of the following obstructive sleep apnea risk factors and behavioral therapies should the nurse discuss with the client? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer: B,D,E,F

Rationale: CPAP compliance (
B) improves sleep quality by managing apnea. Obesity (
D) increases airway obstruction risk. Positional therapy (E) reduces apnea severity in certain positions. Smoking (F) exacerbates airway inflammation, increasing risk. Sedatives (
A) worsen apnea by relaxing airway muscles. Alcohol (
C) also promotes airway collapse.

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