ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a cerebral aneurysm. In the event of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm, which of the following manifestations would be present in the client? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: A ruptured cerebral aneurysm causes severe symptoms like loss of consciousness, dilated pupil, visual disturbances, and nausea/vomiting due to increased intracranial pressure and neurological disruption. Light sensitivity and facial numbness are less specific to aneurysm rupture.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following are manifestations of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Loss of consciousness, dilated pupil, visual disturbances, and nausea and vomiting are common manifestations of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm due to brain injury, nerve compression, or increased intracranial pressure. Light sensitivity and numbness on one side of the face are not typically direct manifestations.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis. Which of the following factors should the nurse anticipate have been identified as contributing to the development of multiple sclerosis? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Genetics, environmental factors, and autoimmune factors contribute to multiple sclerosis development. Genetic variations increase risk, environmental factors like vitamin D deficiency or infections trigger it, and autoimmune processes attack myelin. Upper respiratory infections and urinary tract infections do not directly contribute to MS development.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has epilepsy. Which of the following instructions should be included in the nurse's teaching? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Taking small bites, eating slightly forward, and chewing thoroughly reduce choking and aspiration risks during seizures. Thickened liquids are not necessary unless dysphagia is present, conversations are not directly related, and fiber is beneficial for overall health.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client admitted with meningitis. The student nurse asks, 'I know that the client has a lot of edemas in the brain, but what causes it?' Which of the following responses from the nurse best answers the student's question?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cerebral edema in meningitis is caused by pathogen by-products, like bacterial endotoxins, which trigger inflammation, disrupt the blood-brain barrier, and cause fluid leakage into brain tissue. Osmotic edema, whole-body inflammation, and abnormal CSF flow are not the primary mechanisms.