ATI RN
ATI Nurs 2000 Fundamentals Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a class about skeletal muscles. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a function of skeletal muscles?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Skeletal muscles do not enable the heart to contract with each heartbeat. The heart has its own specialized muscle tissue known as cardiac muscle which allows it to contract and pump blood throughout the body. Skeletal muscles do not enable the bladder to contract during voiding. The detrusor muscle a smooth muscle found in the wall of the bladder contracts during urination to expel urine from the body. Skeletal muscles do not enable the bronchioles to dilate in the lungs. The dilation and constriction of the bronchioles are controlled by the autonomic nervous system and the smooth muscles in the walls of the bronchioles. Skeletal muscles do enable a hand to contract and form a fist. Skeletal muscles are responsible for all voluntary movements including making a fist. When you want to make a fist your brain sends a signal to the skeletal muscles in your hand and forearm telling them to contract. This pulls on the tendons connected to your fingers causing them to move and form a fist.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a class about physical manifestations associated with the fight-or-flight response to stress. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypoglycemia or low blood sugar is not typically a manifestation of the fight-or-flight response. In fact the opposite is true. During the fight-or-flight response the body's glucose levels often increase to provide extra energy for the perceived threat. Dilated pupils are a common physical manifestation of the fight-or-flight response. This physiological change allows more light to enter the eyes enhancing vision and awareness of the environment during a stressful event. Bronchial airway constriction is not typically associated with the fight-or-flight response. In fact the bronchial airways often dilate during this response to allow for increased oxygen flow which is necessary for physical exertion. Decreased blood pressure is not a typical response to stress. During the fight-or-flight response blood pressure usually increases to enhance blood flow to the muscles and brain.
Question 3 of 5
In the context of an initial assessment for a client admitted to rule out Guillain-Barre syndrome which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect to observe?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ascending muscle weakness is a classic symptom of Guillain-Barre syndrome. It often starts in the feet and legs before spreading to the upper body and arms. Difficulty with urination is not a typical symptom of Guillain-Barre syndrome. Ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid) and diplopia (double vision) are not common symptoms of Guillain-Barre syndrome. Ear distortion and pain are not associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with moderate vision impairment. What actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While adequate lighting is important for people with vision impairment direct lighting from open window shades can create glare which can make vision problems worse. Facing the patient when speaking to them can help the patient use visual cues to better understand the conversation. Using gestures can be helpful for some patients with vision impairment but it may not be beneficial for a patient with moderate vision impairment who may not be able to see the gestures clearly. Speaking loudly is not necessary for a patient with vision impairment unless they also have a hearing impairment.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about the benefits of exercise. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: This statement is incorrect. Exercise actually promotes the release of endorphins which are chemicals in the brain that act as natural painkillers and mood elevators. This statement is correct. Regular exercise can help improve sleep quality and duration. This statement is incorrect. Exercise actually increases energy levels by improving circulation and heart health. This statement is correct. Regular exercise can help decrease stress and improve mood by promoting the release of endorphins.