ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the electronic medical record of a middle-aged client who was admitted following a stroke. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a modifiable risk factor for stroke?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypertension is a modifiable risk factor for stroke, manageable through lifestyle and medication. Age, sickle cell disease, and family history of cardiovascular disease are non-modifiable risk factors.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following clients is at the highest risk for developing osmotic cerebral edema?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapidly lowering plasma glucose levels creates an osmotic gradient between the brain and plasma, causing brain cells to pull water and result in cerebral edema. Hypokalemia, increased hemoglobin A1C, and elevated creatinine do not directly cause osmotic cerebral edema.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching about potential complications to a client who has a spinal cord injury. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as a common complication of spinal cord injuries?(Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Temperature sensitivity, contractures, sexual dysfunction, and UTIs are common due to autonomic disruption, immobility, and bladder dysfunction.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has multiple sclerosis about factors that can worsen their manifestations. Which of the following factors should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sunbathing can exacerbate MS symptoms due to Uhthoff's phenomenon, where increased body temperature impairs nerve conduction, worsening symptoms like fatigue and weakness. Flying, office work, and high altitude travel are less directly associated with symptom exacerbation, though related factors like stress or hypoxia may have indirect effects.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is the most common comorbidity of a secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: COPD (
A) is the most common comorbidity for SSP due to emphysematous bullae and lung tissue damage. Sarcoidosis (
B), lung cancer (
C), and cystic fibrosis (
D) can cause pneumothorax but are less frequent than COPD.