ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing guidelines to prevent DKA during periods of illness with a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Check your urine for ketones when blood glucose levels are greater than 240 mg/dL.: This is the correct instruction. When blood glucose levels exceed 240 mg/dL, it is important to check for ketones in the urine. The presence of ketones can indicate the development of DKA, and early detection can prevent the condition from worsening.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and a blood glucose level of 925 mg/dL. The nurse should anticipate which of the following prescriptions from the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: 0.9% sodium chloride IV bolus is the first-line treatment for DKA to rehydrate the patient, correct electrolyte imbalances, and dilute the high blood glucose level. After stabilization, insulin therapy is also introduced.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acetone odor to breath is a hallmark sign of diabetic ketoacidosis. The body breaks down fats for energy, producing ketones, which are released in the breath, giving it a fruity or acetone-like odor.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a metered dose inhaler (MDI) medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Shake the MDI prior to administration: This is the correct action. Shaking the MDI ensures that the medication is evenly mixed with the propellant, which is essential for delivering the correct dose.
Question 5 of 5
Which safety measure is most important for the nurse to institute for a patient who has Cushing Syndrome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assisting the patient to change positions slowly is the most important safety measure for a patient with Cushing's syndrome. Patients with Cushing's syndrome often have osteoporosis and a risk of fractures due to prolonged exposure to high cortisol levels, which can lead to weakened bones. Orthostatic hypotension may also occur, so changing positions slowly can prevent falls.