ATI RN
ATI Nurs 2000 Fundamentals Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing care for a patient who reports experiencing flashbacks of a traumatic event that occurred a year ago. Which of the following stress-related disorders should the nurse identify that the patient is experiencing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTS
D) is a stress-related disorder that can occur after a person experiences a traumatic event. Symptoms can include flashbacks of the traumatic event which the patient reports experiencing. Episodic acute stress is a type of stress that occurs in response to specific situations or events. It does not typically involve flashbacks of a traumatic event. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder that affects the large intestine. While stress can exacerbate symptoms of IBS it is not a stress-related disorder in the sense of being a psychological response to stress. Acute stress disorder (AS
D) is a stress-related disorder that can occur in response to a traumatic event. However ASD symptoms occur immediately after the traumatic event and typically resolve within a month. Since the patient reports experiencing flashbacks of a traumatic event that occurred a year ago ASD is not the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who reports stress related to homelessness. The nurse should identify that the patient is experiencing which of the following types of stressors?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Socioeconomic stressors are related to a person's social and economic status. Homelessness is a clear example of a socioeconomic stressor as it is often caused by factors such as unemployment poverty and lack of affordable housing. Adventitious stressors are unexpected and often traumatic events that occur outside of the normal course of life. These could include natural disasters accidents or violent crimes. While homelessness can be traumatic it is not considered an adventitious stressor because it is related to the individual's social and economic circumstances. Developmental stressors are those that occur as a result of going through the normal stages of life such as starting school getting a job getting married having children and retiring. Homelessness is not a developmental stressor because it is not a normal or expected part of life. Cultural stressors are related to a person's cultural background and experiences. While culture can influence a person's socioeconomic status homelessness itself is not a cultural stressor.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who is scheduled for a surgical procedure. The nurse is reviewing the patient's electronic medical record. Which of the following findings places the patient at risk for a surgical complication? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: High glucose levels can indicate uncontrolled diabetes which can increase the risk of surgical complications such as infection and poor wound healing. Metformin is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It can increase the risk of lactic acidosis especially in patients undergoing procedures that involve the use of contrast dye. A history of smoking can increase the risk of surgical complications including poor wound healing infection and lung problems. An elevated white blood cell (WB
C) count can indicate an infection or inflammation in the body which can increase the risk of surgical complications. Type 2 diabetes mellitus can increase the risk of surgical complications including infection poor wound healing and cardiovascular complications.
Question 4 of 5
A hospice nurse is caring for a patient who has terminal cancer and is receiving hospice care for stage 4 metastatic breast cancer. The patient experiences excruciating pain and is scheduled for morphine 10 mg IM every 6 hours. The patient is sleeping and the medication is due. What action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Holding the pain medication until the patient wakes up is not the best choice. Pain can disrupt sleep and it's important to keep the patient as comfortable as possible. If the patient is sleeping it may be because the pain is well-controlled and delaying the medication could lead to a return of pain. The patient should be given the scheduled pain medication. This is the best choice because it ensures that the patient's pain is managed effectively. Even if the patient is sleeping the medication should be given to prevent the pain from returning. Calling the family and asking if the patient would like to be woken up to have their pain medication is not the best choice. The nurse should make this decision based on the patient's pain level and the medication schedule not on the family's preferences. The statement that the patient has become addicted to the medication and is sleeping the last dose off is not accurate. Addiction is a complex condition characterized by compulsive drug use despite harmful consequences. In this case the patient is receiving the medication for a legitimate medical reason and there is no indication of addiction.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a class about the stages of the general adaptive syndrome (GAS). The nurse should include that which of the following is the first physiological response that occurs during GAS?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The first physiological response that occurs during the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) is the alarm reaction stage. This stage is the body's initial response to stress where the sympathetic nervous system is activated by the sudden release of hormones. The body remaining alert while blood pressure and heart rate return to pre-stress levels is part of the resistance stage of GAS not the first physiological response. Prolonged exposure to stress resulting in illness is associated with the exhaustion stage of GAS which is the final stage not the first physiological response. An increase in hormones causing an increase in blood pressure and heart rate is part of the alarm reaction stage but it is not the first physiological response. The first response is the perception of a stressor that stimulates the central nervous system.