ATI RN
RN ATI Adult Medsurg Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who had a lumbar laminectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Turn the client by log rolling with a turning sheet. This is the correct intervention because after a lumbar laminectomy, it is crucial to protect the surgical site and avoid bending or twisting the spine. Log rolling with a turning sheet helps maintain proper alignment and prevent injury to the surgical area.
Choice A is incorrect because encouraging the client to ambulate independently may put stress on the surgical area.
Choice C is incorrect as positioning the client in a high Fowler's position may also strain the spine.
Choice D is incorrect because applying a heating pad to the lower back can increase the risk of burns and should be avoided near a surgical site.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a new diagnosis of pericarditis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of cardiac tamponade?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Jugular vein distention. In cardiac tamponade, fluid accumulates in the pericardial sac, compressing the heart. This leads to increased pressure in the heart chambers, causing jugular vein distention due to impaired venous return. A: Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia but not specific to cardiac tamponade. C: Bradycardia is not a typical finding in cardiac tamponade as the body tries to compensate for decreased cardiac output. D: Hypotension can be present but is a late sign and not specific to cardiac tamponade.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the health histories of a group of clients. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that a client is at an increased risk for urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diabetes mellitus. Diabetes can lead to increased risk for UTIs due to elevated blood sugar levels creating a favorable environment for bacteria to grow in the urinary tract. High blood sugar weakens the immune system, making it harder to fight infections. Hypertension (
A) is a condition related to high blood pressure, not directly associated with UTIs. Asthma (
C) and hyperthyroidism (
D) are not directly linked to an increased risk for UTIs.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a group of clients about the prevention of coronary artery disease. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A: Walk 30 min daily at a comfortable pace.
Rationale: Regular physical activity, such as walking, helps prevent coronary artery disease by improving cardiovascular health, maintaining a healthy weight, and reducing stress. Walking for 30 minutes daily at a comfortable pace can improve circulation, lower blood pressure, and reduce the risk of developing heart disease.
Summary of other choices:
B: Avoiding all sources of dietary fat is not recommended as the body needs healthy fats for various functions.
C: Increasing sodium intake does not prevent coronary artery disease and can actually contribute to hypertension, a risk factor for the disease.
D: Only exercising when experiencing symptoms is not proactive in preventing coronary artery disease and may lead to missed opportunities for prevention.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who takes salmeterol to treat moderate asthma. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because an increase in the client's daily peak expiratory flow (PEF) by 85% above their personal best indicates improved lung function, which is a positive response to salmeterol. This demonstrates that the medication is effectively managing the asthma symptoms.
Choice A is incorrect because decreased mucus production is not a direct indicator of salmeterol's effectiveness in treating asthma.
Choice C is incorrect as the respiratory rate alone does not provide specific information about the medication's effectiveness.
Choice D is incorrect since the absence of nighttime coughing may be due to various factors and not solely because of salmeterol's effectiveness.