ATI RN
RN ATI Adult Medsurg Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching about dietary options for a client who has cholelithiasis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid high-fat cuts of meat. Cholelithiasis is the formation of gallstones, often related to high-fat diets. High-fat cuts of meat can trigger gallbladder contractions, leading to pain. The rationale is to reduce fat intake to prevent further gallstone formation.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. B: Increasing fried foods can exacerbate symptoms due to their high-fat content. C: Consuming dairy products at every meal is not recommended as some dairy products can be high in saturated fats. D: Eating large meals can overload the digestive system, potentially leading to gallbladder discomfort.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who is overusing prescribed diuretics and has a sodium level of 127 mEq/L. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Low urine specific gravity. Excessive diuretic use can lead to volume depletion and low sodium levels. Low sodium levels cause the kidneys to excrete more water, resulting in dilute urine with low specific gravity. High urine specific gravity would indicate concentrated urine, which is not expected in this situation. Elevated potassium levels (choice
C) are not typically associated with overuse of diuretics, as diuretics can actually lead to potassium loss. Similarly, decreased potassium levels (choice
D) are commonly seen with diuretic use due to increased excretion of potassium by the kidneys.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has neutropenia and is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale: The correct answers are A and C. Neutropenia and chemotherapy increase the risk of infection. Avoiding crowds (
A) reduces exposure to infectious agents. Taking temperature daily (
C) helps detect early signs of infection. Washing toothbrush weekly (
B) is important but daily is recommended. Eating fresh fruits and vegetables (
D) is beneficial but may pose infection risk.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in a long-term care facility is caring for a client who has dementia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Provide finger food at mealtime. This option is appropriate for a client with dementia as it promotes independence and encourages self-feeding, which can help maintain their dignity and autonomy. Finger foods are easy to handle and reduce the risk of frustration or confusion that may arise from using utensils. Encouraging self-feeding also helps stimulate cognitive function and maintain motor skills.
A: Encouraging the client to eat independently with utensils may be challenging and frustrating for someone with dementia.
C: Feeding the client only pureed foods may not be necessary if the client is able to eat regular food safely.
D: Offering fluids only between meals may lead to dehydration, especially for clients who may forget to ask for fluids when needed.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer propranolol to several clients. For which of the following clients should the nurse clarify the prescription with the provider before administration?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A client who has a history of asthma. Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker that can potentially exacerbate bronchospasm in patients with asthma due to its mechanism of action.
Therefore, the nurse should clarify the prescription with the provider before administering it to a client with asthma to avoid potential adverse effects.
Choices B, C, and D are not contraindications for propranolol use, so there is no need to clarify the prescription for clients with hypertension, migraines, or stable angina.