ATI RN
ATI SP 250 Exam 3 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning a presentation about HIV for a church-based group. Which of the following information about HIV transmission should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This is because HIV is a virus that infects certain cells of the immune system, such as CD4 cells or T cells. HIV can be found in blood, semen, vaginal fluid, breast milk, and other body fluids that contain blood. HIV can be transmitted through sexual contact, sharing needles or syringes, mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy or breastfeeding, or occupational exposure to blood or body fluids.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has pulmonary tuberculosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This is because pulmonary tuberculosis causes inflammation and damage to the lungs, which reduces oxygen exchange and leads to fatigue and weakness.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning an educational program about basal cell carcinoma. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This is because basal cell carcinoma originates from the basal layer of the epidermis, which does not have access to blood vessels or lymphatics that can facilitate spreading to other organs. Basal cell carcinoma usually grows slowly and locally, and can be treated with surgery or radiation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of exposure to TB and symptoms of night sweats and hemoptysis. Which of the following tests should the nurse realize is the most reliable to confirm the diagnosis of active pulmonary TB?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This is because sputum culture can identify the presence and type of mycobacteria that cause TB, while other tests can only indicate exposure or infection. Sputum culture results may take several weeks, so treatment should be initiated based on clinical suspicion and other tests.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has emphysema about self-management strategies. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients with emphysema often have an increased caloric demand due to the effort required to breathe. A diet high in calories and protein can help maintain energy levels and prevent muscle wasting.