ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is educating a client about the risk factors for GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Avoiding alcohol and caffeine is recommended as they relax the lower esophageal sphincter, worsening GERD symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A nursing student is reviewing the pathophysiology and management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). Which of the following statements are accurate regarding GERD? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,G
Rationale: Smoking, LES relaxation, elevating the bed, and obesity are accurate factors related to GERD.
Question 3 of 5
A 65-year-old adult patient weighing 80 kg is prescribed a continuous heparin infusion. The order is for 18 units/kg/hour. The pharmacy supplies heparin in a concentration of 25,000 units/500 mL. Determine the total units of heparin the patient should receive per hour.
Correct Answer: 1440 units
Rationale: The patient should receive 1440 units of heparin per hour, calculated as 80 kg × 18 units/kg/hour.
Question 4 of 5
A 72-year-old patient with a history of chronic hypertension is diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to contrast-induced nephropathy. Which clinical finding would most likely be present in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metabolic acidosis is common in AKI due to impaired acid excretion by the kidneys.
Question 5 of 5
A 55-year-old patient is diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Which factors are associated with an increased risk of developing this type of cancer? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: C,E,F
Rationale: High red/processed meat intake, genetic factors, and chronic inflammatory bowel diseases increase colorectal cancer risk.