ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has end-stage kidney disease and is receiving hemodialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the client is experiencing fluid overload?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sudden weight gain is a common sign of fluid overload in clients with end-stage kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has urolithiasis (renal calculi). The nurse should explain that which of the following conditions can increase the risk for renal calculi?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dehydration can lead to concentrated urine, which increases the risk of crystal formation and subsequently the formation of renal calculi.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is 2 weeks postoperative following a kidney transplant. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as possible organ rejection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oliguria or decreased urine output can be a sign of organ rejection post kidney transplant due to decreased renal perfusion.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prerenal AKI is characterized by a decrease in renal blood flow, which leads to a reduction in glomerular filtration rate and a subsequent accumulation of waste products, including potassium. Hyperkalemia occurs because the kidneys are unable to excrete potassium effectively.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lethargy and altered mental status are common manifestations of respiratory acidosis due to the effects of hypercapnia (elevated PaCO2) on the central nervous system.