ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who just had a flexible bronchoscopy. Which of the following nursing actions is appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Withhold food and liquids until the client's gag reflex returns: This is the correct action. Following a bronchoscopy, the local anesthetic used can suppress the gag reflex. It is crucial to wait until the gag reflex returns to prevent aspiration when the client eats or drinks.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with obesity who is being considered for bariatric surgery. Which do the criteria guidelines for bariatric surgery include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A BMI of 40 kg/m² or more is the standard criteria for bariatric surgery, particularly when other treatments (such as diet, exercise, and medication) have failed, or when obesity-related health issues are present.
Question 3 of 5
In reviewing admission orders for a patient admitted with SIADH, the nurse should question which order?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion), the body retains excessive water, leading to dilutional hyponatremia (low sodium levels). Administering hypertonic saline (3% NS) can exacerbate the condition by rapidly increasing sodium levels, which may cause demyelination of neurons (a condition called osmotic demyelination syndrome). Hypertonic saline is typically only used in severe hyponatremia with neurologic symptoms and should be carefully monitored.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is admitted for elective surgery and has a history of Addison's disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperpigmentation is a characteristic sign of Addison's disease. Due to insufficient cortisol production in the adrenal glands, there is an increase in melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), which leads to darkening of the skin, particularly in areas exposed to friction like elbows, knees, and the face.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who is scheduled for gastric bypass surgery asks for information about dumping syndrome. How does the nurse explain dumping syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dumping syndrome occurs when food moves too quickly from the stomach into the small intestine, causing a sudden release of insulin and other gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, diarrhea, and dizziness.