ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes insipidus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Urine specific gravity 1.002: This is the correct finding. In diabetes insipidus, the kidneys are unable to concentrate urine, resulting in very dilute urine. A urine specific gravity of 1.002 indicates very diluted urine, which is characteristic of diabetes insipidus.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 12 hr postoperative and has a chest tube to a disposable water-seal drainage system with suction. The nurse should intervene for which of the following observations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Continuous bubbling in the water-seal chamber is abnormal and indicates a potential air leak. The water-seal chamber should only bubble intermittently with respiratory effort or changes in pressure; constant bubbling suggests that air is being introduced into the system, which could indicate a malfunction or an air leak at the insertion site or along the tubing.
Question 3 of 5
Which is the most common symptom of lung cancer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Persistent cough: This is the correct answer. A persistent cough is the most common symptom of lung cancer, especially in the early stages. The cough may be dry or productive and is often overlooked or mistaken for a chronic respiratory condition.
Question 4 of 5
A staff nurse is teaching a client who has Addison's disease about the disease process. The client asks the nurse what causes Addison's disease. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland.: This is correct. Addison's disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, is caused by the inability of the adrenal glands to produce sufficient aldosterone and cortisol, two critical hormones.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is auscultating the breath sounds of a client who has asthma. When the client exhales, the nurse hears continuous high-pitched squeaking sounds. The nurse should document this as which of the following adventitious breath sounds?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Wheezes are continuous, high-pitched musical sounds produced by the narrowing of airways, commonly heard in conditions like asthma. They occur mainly during exhalation and are indicative of airflow obstruction.