ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following factors predisposes this client to developing digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Taking a high-ceiling diuretic. High-ceiling diuretics, such as furosemide, can lead to hypokalemia, which increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. Digoxin toxicity occurs when digoxin levels in the body become too high, leading to symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly predispose the client to digoxin toxicity. HMG COA reductase inhibitors are used to lower cholesterol levels, COPD is a respiratory condition, and a prolapsed mitral valve is a heart valve issue.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving ondansetron IV. Which of the following findings is an indication that the ondansetron is effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased nausea. Ondansetron is an antiemetic medication used to treat nausea and vomiting.
Therefore, if the client is receiving ondansetron IV and their nausea is decreased, it indicates that the medication is effective in managing their symptoms. Reduced dizziness (
B) and absence of peripheral neuropathy (
D) are not direct indicators of ondansetron effectiveness. Increased urinary output (
C) is not related to the medication's mechanism of action.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving magnesium sulfate IV bolus for preeclampsia. The client's respiratory rate is 6/min and they have absent deep tendon reflexes. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calcium gluconate. In this scenario, the client is likely experiencing magnesium toxicity, characterized by respiratory depression and absent deep tendon reflexes. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity as it antagonizes the effects of magnesium on the neuromuscular system, restoring neuromuscular excitability and potentially preventing cardiac arrest. Methylergonovine (
A) is used to prevent or control postpartum hemorrhage, not for magnesium toxicity. Naloxone (
C) is used to reverse opioid overdose, not magnesium toxicity. Dexamethasone (
D) is a corticosteroid used for anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects, not for magnesium toxicity.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a gonococcal infection and has been prescribed an 1M injection of ceftriaxone. The client refuses the medication because they are afraid of needles. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct response is D: "I will discuss other treatment options with your provider." The nurse should respect the client's autonomy and explore alternative treatment options that the client may be more comfortable with. This response demonstrates patient-centered care and promotes shared decision-making.
Choices A and B are coercive and may damage the therapeutic relationship.
Choice C minimizes the client's fear and may be perceived as dismissive.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take to minimize bleeding following the injection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Grasp skin between thumb and forefinger throughout the injection. This technique helps to create tension in the skin, making it easier for the needle to penetrate the subcutaneous tissue and reducing the risk of bleeding. Massaging the site (choice
A) can actually increase the risk of bleeding by disrupting the clotting process. The Z-track method (choice
C) is used for intramuscular injections, not subcutaneous. Aspirating the syringe (choice
D) is not necessary for subcutaneous injections as there are no large blood vessels in the subcutaneous tissue.
Therefore, grasping the skin between thumb and forefinger is the correct technique to minimize bleeding following a subcutaneous injection.