ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following factors predisposes this client to developing digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Taking a high-ceiling diuretic. High-ceiling diuretics, such as furosemide, can lead to hypokalemia, which increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. Digoxin toxicity occurs when digoxin levels in the body become too high, leading to symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly predispose the client to digoxin toxicity. HMG COA reductase inhibitors are used to lower cholesterol levels, COPD is a respiratory condition, and a prolapsed mitral valve is a heart valve issue.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving parenteral nutrition and identifies that the client has hypoglycemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer IV dextrose. Hypoglycemia is a potential complication of parenteral nutrition. Administering IV dextrose is the appropriate action to increase the client's blood sugar levels quickly. Discontinuing the infusion (choice
A) would further decrease glucose supply. Warming formula (choice
C) is not directly related to treating hypoglycemia. Obtaining arterial blood gases (choice
D) is not necessary for managing hypoglycemia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking phenelzine and reports eating aged cheese. Which of the following is a manifestation of an interaction between the medication and the food?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertension. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can interact with tyramine-rich foods like aged cheese, leading to a hypertensive crisis. Tyramine in aged cheese can displace norepinephrine from nerve terminals, causing a sudden increase in blood pressure.
A: Somnolence is a common side effect of phenelzine but is not directly related to the interaction with aged cheese.
B: Diarrhea is not a typical manifestation of the interaction between phenelzine and aged cheese.
C: Bradycardia is not associated with the interaction between phenelzine and aged cheese; it is more commonly seen with other medications or conditions.
E, F, G: No further choices provided.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client for the first time and needs to know about potential food and medication interactions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Consult a drug reference guide for possible interactions. This is the best course of action because drug reference guides provide comprehensive information on potential interactions between medications and food. They are reliable sources for healthcare professionals to ensure safe administration.
Choice A: Having the client take the medication on an empty stomach may not always prevent interactions and could potentially lead to adverse effects.
Choice C: Relying solely on another nurse's knowledge may not be sufficient, as medication interactions can be complex and require specific expertise.
Choice D: Checking the client's medical record is important but may not provide real-time information on potential interactions. It is best to consult a drug reference guide for the most up-to-date information.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following situations requires an incident report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A client receives their insulin 1 hr before scheduled. This situation requires an incident report because administering insulin at the wrong time could lead to serious complications like hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Incident reports are crucial for documenting errors in patient care to ensure proper follow-up and prevent future occurrences.
Choices A, B, and D do not involve potential harm or risk to the client's health, thus not requiring an incident report.