ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving magnesium sulfate IV bolus for preeclampsia. The client's respiratory rate is 6/min and they have absent deep tendon reflexes. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calcium gluconate. In this scenario, the client is likely experiencing magnesium toxicity, characterized by respiratory depression and absent deep tendon reflexes. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity as it antagonizes the effects of magnesium on the neuromuscular system, restoring neuromuscular excitability and potentially preventing cardiac arrest. Methylergonovine (
A) is used to prevent or control postpartum hemorrhage, not for magnesium toxicity. Naloxone (
C) is used to reverse opioid overdose, not magnesium toxicity. Dexamethasone (
D) is a corticosteroid used for anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects, not for magnesium toxicity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who develops an anaphylactic reaction to IV antibiotic administration. After assessing the client's respiratory status and stopping the medication infusion. Which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer epinephrine 1M. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis as it helps to reverse the severe allergic reaction by constricting blood vessels, improving blood pressure, and opening airways to improve breathing. It is administered intramuscularly to ensure rapid absorption and effectiveness. This action is crucial in preventing further deterioration of the client's condition.
Choice B: Replacing the infusion with 0.9% sodium chloride may help stabilize the client's fluid status but does not address the anaphylactic reaction directly.
Choice C: Giving diphenhydramine intramuscularly can help with itching and mild allergic reactions but is not as effective or rapid-acting as epinephrine in treating anaphylaxis.
Choice D: Elevating the client's legs and feet is not appropriate in this situation as the priority is to address the anaphylactic reaction promptly.
In summary, administering
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has started taking theophylline. Which of the following client findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decreased wheezing. Theophylline is a bronchodilator used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD by relaxing the muscles in the airways, reducing wheezing. Decreased wheezing indicates improved airflow and lung function, demonstrating the medication's effectiveness. Increased blood pressure (
A) is not a common effect of theophylline and may indicate a potential adverse reaction. Decreased urine output (
C) is not a typical indicator of theophylline effectiveness and could signify dehydration or kidney issues. Increased level of consciousness (
D) is not directly related to theophylline's action on the respiratory system.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking phenelzine and reports eating aged cheese. Which of the following is a manifestation of an interaction between the medication and the food?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertension. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can interact with tyramine-rich foods like aged cheese, leading to a hypertensive crisis. Tyramine in aged cheese can displace norepinephrine from nerve terminals, causing a sudden increase in blood pressure.
A: Somnolence is a common side effect of phenelzine but is not directly related to the interaction with aged cheese.
B: Diarrhea is not a typical manifestation of the interaction between phenelzine and aged cheese.
C: Bradycardia is not associated with the interaction between phenelzine and aged cheese; it is more commonly seen with other medications or conditions.
E, F, G: No further choices provided.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record for a client who has cancer and is receiving morphine via a PCA pump. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nalbuphine. Nalbuphine is a mixed opioid agonist-antagonist and may antagonize the effects of morphine, leading to decreased pain relief. The nurse should clarify this prescription with the provider to avoid potential interference with the effectiveness of morphine.
Summary of other choices:
B: Acetaminophen - Safe to administer with morphine for pain management.
C: Ondansetron - Used for nausea and vomiting, does not directly interact with morphine.
D: Insulin glargine - Used for diabetes management, does not interact with morphine.