ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving ondansetron IV. Which of the following findings is an indication that the ondansetron is effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased nausea. Ondansetron is an antiemetic medication used to treat nausea and vomiting.
Therefore, a decrease in nausea indicates the effectiveness of ondansetron. Absence of peripheral neuropathy (
A) is not directly related to the action of ondansetron. Increased urinary output (
B) is not a common effect of ondansetron. Reduced dizziness (
C) may not necessarily indicate the effectiveness of ondansetron specifically for nausea.
Therefore, the best indicator of ondansetron's effectiveness in this scenario is a decrease in nausea.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who develops an anaphylactic reaction to antibiotic administration. After assessing the client's respiratory status and stopping the medication infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer epinephrine IM. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic reactions as it helps to reverse the symptoms rapidly by constricting blood vessels and relaxing airway muscles. It is crucial in preventing further complications such as severe respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse. Giving diphenhydramine (choice
A) can help with itching or hives but is not as effective in treating the life-threatening symptoms of anaphylaxis. Elevating the client's legs and feet (choice
B) is not the priority in this emergency situation. Replacing the infusion with 0.9% sodium chloride (choice
D) does not address the immediate need to counteract the anaphylactic reaction.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client's peripheral IV infusion of a vesicant medication and observes swelling and coolness of the skin at the insertion site. After stopping the infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Remove the IV catheter. Swelling and coolness at the insertion site indicate extravasation, which is the leakage of vesicant medication into the surrounding tissue, causing potential tissue damage. Removing the IV catheter immediately helps prevent further infiltration and tissue injury. Notifying the provider (
A) can be done after removing the catheter. Applying warm compress (
B) is incorrect as it can increase the absorption of the vesicant and worsen tissue damage. Aspirating fluid (
C) may not be effective in removing the medication from the tissue.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to transcribe a prescription for a client that reads 'ondansetron 8 mg by mouth every 12 hr PRN.' Which of the following parts of the prescription should the nurse clarify with the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reason. The nurse should clarify the reason for prescribing ondansetron to ensure understanding and appropriate administration. Frequency (
A) refers to how often the medication should be taken, route (
B) specifies how the medication should be administered, and dose (
C) indicates the amount of medication to give. Since the prescription already states the dose, route, and frequency, the reason for taking the medication needs clarification. It is crucial for the nurse to understand why the medication is prescribed to ensure it aligns with the client's needs and prevents errors.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following prescribed medications should the nurse anticipate administering to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lorazepam. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms like anxiety, agitation, and seizures. It acts on the GABA receptors to produce a calming effect. Bupropion (
A) is used for smoking cessation, Disulfiram (
B) is used to deter alcohol consumption by causing unpleasant effects, and Methadone (
D) is used for opioid withdrawal.