ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving diazepam for moderate (conscious) sedation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess for an adverse reaction to the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Monitor the client's oxygen saturation. When a client is receiving diazepam for conscious sedation, respiratory depression is a potential adverse reaction due to the medication's central nervous system depressant effects. Monitoring the client's oxygen saturation helps the nurse assess for any signs of respiratory compromise. This is crucial as early detection can prevent further complications.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Monitoring for seizure activity is not a common adverse reaction to diazepam in the context of conscious sedation.
B: Checking urinary output is unrelated to assessing adverse reactions to diazepam.
D: Auscultating bowel sounds is not relevant in assessing adverse reactions to diazepam for conscious sedation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who is experiencing opioid toxicity. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Naloxone. Naloxone is the antidote for opioid toxicity as it competes with opioids for receptor sites in the brain, reversing their effects. Atropine (
B) is used for bradycardia, not opioid toxicity. Midazolam (
C) is a benzodiazepine used for sedation and anxiety, not opioid toxicity. Dexamethasone (
D) is a corticosteroid used for inflammation, not opioid toxicity. In summary, Naloxone is the most appropriate medication for reversing the effects of opioid toxicity.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client whose current bag of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has finished infusing, and the next bag is not yet available. Which of the following fluids should the nurse prepare to administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dextrose 10% in water. When a TPN bag finishes infusing and the next bag is unavailable, the nurse should administer a dextrose solution to prevent hypoglycemia. Dextrose provides a quick source of energy for the client. Lactated Ringer's (
A) is not appropriate as it does not contain any glucose for energy. 0.45% sodium chloride (
C) and 0.9% sodium chloride (
D) are isotonic solutions and do not provide the necessary glucose.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer a prefilled syringe of enoxaparin to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B. Administer the medication into the anterolateral or posterolateral abdominal area.
Rationale: Enoxaparin is a type of anticoagulant medication that is typically administered subcutaneously. The anterolateral or posterolateral abdominal area is a recommended site for subcutaneous injections due to the presence of a relatively high amount of subcutaneous tissue, ensuring proper absorption of the medication. This area also minimizes the risk of hitting underlying structures such as blood vessels and nerves.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Expelling the air bubble is not necessary with prefilled syringes as they are designed to contain the correct dosage with minimal air.
C: Holding the skin taut is not typically required for subcutaneous injections unless the client is extremely thin.
D: Massaging the injection site is not recommended as it can cause discomfort or bruising at the injection site.
Question 5 of 5
A home care nurse is teaching a client about safe medication disposal. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Return expired medication to the pharmacist. This is the safest and most environmentally friendly method of medication disposal. Pharmacies have proper protocols for disposing of medications, ensuring they do not end up in the wrong hands or harm the environment.
Choice A is incorrect as it can lead to accidental ingestion.
Choice C is not recommended as it can contaminate water sources.
Choice D is incorrect as it can pollute waterways. It is important to educate clients on proper medication disposal to prevent harm to themselves and the environment.