ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the list of current medications for a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. The nurse should identify that which of the following client medications is contraindicated for use with nitroglycerin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sildenafil. Nitroglycerin and sildenafil both lower blood pressure, and combining them can cause a dangerous drop in blood pressure leading to hypotension, syncope, or even a heart attack.
Therefore, they are contraindicated together. Lansoprazole (
A) is a proton pump inhibitor used for acid reflux and is safe to use with nitroglycerin. Diazepam (
B) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and muscle spasms, which does not interact significantly with nitroglycerin. Gemfibrozil (
D) is a lipid-lowering medication and does not have any significant interactions with nitroglycerin.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer a controlled substance to a client who is experiencing pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Identify the client using two identifiers. This is the first step the nurse should take to ensure the medication is administered to the correct patient, following the "five rights" of medication administration. By confirming the client's identity using two identifiers (such as name and date of birth), the nurse minimizes the risk of medication errors. Documenting the administration (choice
A) should come after the medication is given. Removing the medication from the cabinet (choice
C) and comparing inventory records (choice
D) are important but should not be the first step in ensuring safe medication administration.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer total parenteral nutrition to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Keep the solution refrigerated until 1 hr before infusion. This is important to prevent bacterial growth in the TPN solution. Refrigerating it helps maintain its sterility and integrity. Changing the solution every 36 hr (
A) is not necessary unless contamination is suspected. Obtaining the client's weight three times a week (
B) is important for monitoring fluid status but not specifically related to TPN administration. Checking the client's WBC count daily (
D) is not directly related to TPN administration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a peripheral IV infusion and notes infiltration of fluid into the tissues surrounding the insertion site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Elevate the extremity. Elevating the extremity helps to reduce the swelling and prevent further infiltration by promoting drainage of the fluid back into circulation. This action helps to minimize tissue damage and discomfort for the client. Slowing the infusion rate (choice
A) may not be sufficient to address the issue of infiltration. Flushing the IV catheter (choice
B) may not resolve the infiltration and could potentially worsen the situation. Applying pressure to the IV site (choice
D) may further damage the tissues.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer the varicella vaccine to a group of clients. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as having a contraindication for receiving this immunization?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A client who has AIDS. This client has a contraindication for receiving the varicella vaccine due to their compromised immune system. Individuals with AIDS are at higher risk for developing severe complications from live vaccines, such as varicella. The varicella vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine, meaning it contains weakened live virus particles that could potentially cause illness in immunocompromised individuals. Clients with AIDS should avoid live vaccines to prevent serious adverse reactions.
Incorrect choices:
A: A child who recently received the human papillomavirus vaccine - This is incorrect because receiving the human papillomavirus vaccine does not contraindicate receiving the varicella vaccine.
B: An older adult client living in a long-term care facility - This is incorrect as age alone is not a contraindication for receiving the varicella vaccine.
D: A young adult who has an allergy to eggs - This is incorrect as having an egg allergy is not