ATI RN
ATI Nur 285 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and whose respirations are shallow and 8/min. Which of the following acid-based imbalances should the nurse identify the client as being at risk for developing initially?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis occurs due to hypoventilation, which causes an accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood, leading to increased acidity. Shallow respirations at a rate of 8 breaths per minute indicate hypoventilation, putting the client at risk for respiratory acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a new prescription for furosemide. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, is a common adverse effect of furosemide because it promotes potassium excretion in the urine.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a long history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the emergency department confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular insulin is the only type of insulin approved for intravenous administration and is commonly used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis (DK
A) for its rapid effect.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client and identifies a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene (Kayexalate) is used to treat hyperkalemia by promoting potassium excretion through the gastrointestinal tract.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and a new prescription for 16 units of regular insulin and 26 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously at breakfast daily. What is the total number of units of insulin that the nurse should prepare in the insulin syringe?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The total number of insulin units is calculated by adding the units of regular insulin (16 units) and NPH insulin (26 units), resulting in 42 units to be administered together.