ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has the following arterial blood gas results: HCO3-, 18 mEq, PaCO2 28 mm Hg and pH 7.30. The nurse recognizes the client is experiencing which of the following acid base imbalances?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The low bicarbonate level (HCO3) 18mEq/L and low pH 7.30 indicate metabolic acidosis. The low PaCO2 at 28 mm Hg indicates respiratory compensation for the metabolic acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oliguria, characterized by urine output less than 400 mL per 24 hours, is a hallmark of the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is 2 weeks postoperative following a kidney transplant. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as possible organ rejection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oliguria or decreased urine output can be a sign of organ rejection post kidney transplant due to decreased renal perfusion.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in a public clinic is researching health data on culturally diverse populations in the community. Which of the following population groups should the nurse anticipate having end-stage renal disease due to diabetes mellitus?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Black Americans have a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus compared to other racial/ethnic groups in the United States, and diabetes is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a female client who has recurrent kidney stones and is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram. Which of the following statements by the client should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This statement indicates possible hematuria (blood in the urine) and pain, which could be indicative of a urinary tract issue related to the kidney stones and requires reporting to the provider for further assessment and management.