ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions Correct Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has oral achalasia, The nurse should ask the client which of the following questions to assess their ability to swallow?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Do you feel like you have food stuck at the base of your throat?" This question is appropriate for assessing the client's ability to swallow because oral achalasia is a condition where the lower esophageal sphincter fails to relax, causing difficulty in passing food from the mouth to the esophagus. Asking about the sensation of food stuck in the throat helps to identify this symptom.
Choice B: "Do you have any feelings of fullness in the neck?" is incorrect because fullness in the neck is not a typical symptom of oral achalasia.
Choice C: "Do you feel any burning sensations in your throat?" is incorrect because burning sensations are more commonly associated with acid reflux or GERD, not specifically with oral achalasia.
Choice D: "Do you have any problems with pain while swallowing?" is incorrect as pain while swallowing is not a typical symptom of oral achalasia.
Therefore, the correct question to assess
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about the use of an incentive spirometer. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A. Hold breaths about 3 to 5 seconds before exhaling.
Rationale: Holding the breath for a few seconds after inhaling with an incentive spirometer helps to fully expand the lungs and improve lung function. This technique prevents air from escaping too quickly and allows for optimal oxygen absorption. It also encourages deep breathing, which is essential for clearing the airways and improving overall lung capacity.
Summary of other choices:
B: Exhaling slowly through pursed lips is a technique used in pursed lip breathing, not with an incentive spirometer.
C: The position of the mouthpiece is important for comfort but not directly related to using the incentive spirometer.
D: Placing hands on the upper abdomen during inhalation is not a recommended technique for using an incentive spirometer.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who is receiving treatment for genital herpes. Which of the following statements by the client indicates effectiveness of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I should expect my lesions to resolve in 6 weeks." This indicates effectiveness of teaching because it shows the client understands the natural course of genital herpes and the expected timeline for resolution.
Choice A is incorrect because antibiotic ointment is not recommended for herpes.
Choice B is incorrect because natural skin condoms do not provide adequate protection against herpes.
Choice D is incorrect because treatment duration may vary and is not always 3 weeks.
Extract:
Client reports tightness in chest radiating to the left arm.
Pain level: 7/10. Feels nauseous after breakfast.
Client states: 'I had scrambled eggs and bacon like I do every morning.'
Symptoms: Diaphoresis, shortness of breath, irregular and tachycardic heart rate.
Neurological Status: Alert and oriented to person, place, and time.
Lung Sounds: Clear in all lobes.
Bowel Sounds: Present in all 4 quadrants.
Peripheral Circulation: +1 pedal pulses, skin cool to touch, capillary refill <2 seconds.
Vital Signs (1000 Hours)
Temperature: 37.1°C (98.8°F). Heart Rate: 110/min, irregular. Respiratory Rate: 24/min. Blood Pressure: 164/80 mmHg. Oxygen Saturation: 93% on room air
Vital Signs (1015 Hours)
Temperature: 36.7°C (98.2°F). Heart Rate: 120/min, irregular. Respiratory Rate: 22/min. Blood Pressure: 176/82 mmHg. Oxygen Saturation: 89% on room air.
Diagnostic Results
Myoglobin: 100 mcg/L (high, normal <90 mcg/L), Creatine kinase: 180 units/L (normal, 55-170 units/L), Troponin T: 0.40 ng/mL (high, normal <0.1 ng/mL), Troponin I: 0.35 ng/mL (high, normal <0.03 ng/mL), Cholesterol: 244 mg/dL (high, normal <200 mg/dL), Triglycerides: 180 mg/dL (normal, 40-160 mg/dL), LDL: 148 mg/dL (high, normal <130 mg/dL), HDL: 42 mg/dL (good, normal >45 mg/dL), C-reactive protein: 2 mg/L (high, normal <1.0 mg/L), Blood glucose: 103 mg/dL (normal, 74-106 mg/dL), EKG: Tachycardia with ST segment elevation & T wave changes, Chest X-ray: Lungs clear in all lobes.
Provider's Prescriptions - 1020:
Nitroglycerin 0.5 mg SL every 5 min up to 3 doses for chest pain
Aspirin 160 mg PO daily - Morphine 6 mg IV bolus every 3 hr PRN pain
Metoprolol 25 mg PO every 6 hrs x 48 hrs, then 100 mg PO twice daily
Initiate IV site - 0.9% saline at 50 mL/hr IV infusion
Oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula if oxygen saturation <90%
Schedule stat echocardiogram
Follow-up (1200 Hours)
Pain now 5/10 after two doses of nitroglycerin. Breathing easier with oxygen at 2L/min via nasal cannula.
Question 4 of 5
Which findings indicate the client's condition has improved? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A, B
Rationale: The correct answers are A and B. Pain level indicates the client's subjective improvement, while respiratory rate reflects their physiological status. Pain reduction suggests improved comfort and possibly better overall health, while a decrease in respiratory rate may indicate improved oxygenation and reduced stress.
Choices C, D, E, F, and G are not directly linked to the client's overall condition improvement as they can vary for several reasons, independent of the client's actual health status.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing instructions about foot care for a client who has peripheral arterial disease. The nurse should identify that which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because applying a lubricating lotion to the cracked areas on the soles of the feet helps prevent further skin breakdown and infection, which is crucial in peripheral arterial disease.
Choice B may improve circulation, but it does not address foot care directly.
Choice C can lead to burns or injury due to decreased sensation in peripheral arterial disease.
Choice D poses a risk of injury or infection due to the potential for skin damage while soaking the feet. Overall, choice A is the most appropriate for maintaining foot health in peripheral arterial disease.