ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following are expected findings? (Select all that apply).
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Bone pain occurs due to mineral and bone disorders, slurred speech can indicate uremic encephalopathy, and pruritus is common due to uremic toxins in ESRD.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has respiratory alkalosis and is hyperventilating. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Having the client breathe into a paper bag helps retain carbon dioxide, which can help reverse respiratory alkalosis by increasing PaCO2 levels and subsequently decreasing pH.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has Addison's disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Teaching the parents about cortical replacement therapy is crucial. Addison's disease results from adrenal insufficiency, and cortical replacement therapy, typically with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, is the mainstay of treatment.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is admitted with hyperthyroidism. The client reports a weight loss of 5.4 kg (12 lb) in the last 2 months, increased appetite, increased perspiration, fatigue, menstrual irregularity, and restlessness. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent a thyroid crisis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A calm environment can help prevent exacerbation of symptoms and reduce the risk of a thyroid crisis in hyperthyroid clients.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is admitted for elective surgery and has a history of Addison's disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperpigmentation, particularly in sun-exposed areas and pressure points, is a characteristic finding in Addison's disease due to increased melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) production.