ATI RN
ATI Capstone Week 9 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is receiving therapy with epoetin alfa. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse review for an indication of a therapeutic effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The hematocrit (Hct). Epoetin alfa is a medication used to stimulate red blood cell production in patients with renal disease. Monitoring the hematocrit levels helps assess the medication's effectiveness in increasing red blood cell count. Hematocrit measures the percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells. An increase in hematocrit indicates improved red blood cell production, indicating a therapeutic effect.
Incorrect
Choices:
B: The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a marker of inflammation, not related to the therapeutic effect of epoetin alfa.
C: The leukocyte count measures white blood cells, not relevant for monitoring the effects of epoetin alfa.
D: The platelet count assesses clotting ability, not indicative of the therapeutic effect of epoetin alfa.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for glimepiride. The nurse should teach the client to avoid which of the following drinks while taking this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Alcohol. Glimepiride, a sulfonylurea medication, can cause a disulfiram-like reaction when consumed with alcohol, leading to symptoms like nausea, vomiting, flushing, and rapid heart rate. Coffee (
A) and milk (
B) do not have interactions with glimepiride. Grapefruit juice (
D) can interact with certain medications but not with glimepiride. In summary, alcohol should be avoided due to the potential for a harmful reaction when taken with glimepiride.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer albuterol syrup 6 mg PO tid. Available is albuterol 2 mg/5mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 15
Rationale:
To determine the mL to administer per dose, divide the total dose (6 mg) by the amount of albuterol in 1 mL (2 mg). 6 mg ÷ 2 mg/mL = 3 mL per dose. However, since the answer should be rounded to the nearest whole number, and 3 is not the nearest whole number to 3 mL, the answer should be rounded up to the next whole number, which is 4 mL.
Therefore, the correct answer is 15 mL. Other choices like 10 mL (incorrect, too low), 5 mL (incorrect, too low), 20 mL (incorrect, too high) are eliminated based on the correct calculation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 123 mEq/L. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Restrict fluid intake to 1,000 ml per day. In SIADH, there is excessive release of ADH leading to water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Limiting fluid intake helps prevent further water retention and dilution of sodium levels, aiming to increase serum sodium concentration. Providing a low sodium diet (choice
A) may not be sufficient to correct the low sodium level quickly. Administering desmopressin acetate (choice
C) further increases ADH release and worsens the condition. Maintaining an IV of 0.45% sodium chloride (choice
D) may lead to rapid correction of sodium levels, which can cause osmotic demyelination syndrome.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide 40 mg IV. Available is furosemide 10 mg/1 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale: The correct answer is 4 mL.
To calculate this, we use the formula: Desired dose/Available dose = Volume to administer. In this case, 40 mg/10 mg/mL = 4 mL. Each mL contains 10 mg of furosemide, so to administer 40 mg, the nurse should give 4 mL. Other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct calculation. For example, choosing 10 mL (choice G) would result in administering 100 mg, not the desired 40 mg.