ATI RN
ATI Capstone Week 9 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing a teaching session about reducing the risk of complications of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: The correct answers are A, C, D, and E.
A: Reducing cholesterol and saturated fat intake helps in managing blood lipid levels and reduces the risk of cardiovascular complications often associated with diabetes.
C: Maintaining optimal blood pressure is crucial to prevent kidney damage, as high blood pressure can worsen kidney function in diabetic patients.
D: Increasing physical activity and daily exercise helps in managing blood glucose levels, improving insulin sensitivity, and reducing the risk of cardiovascular complications.
E: Enrolling in a smoking cessation program is important because smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and other complications in individuals with diabetes.
Incorrect choices:
B: Sustaining hyperglycemia is incorrect as it can lead to nerve damage and other complications in diabetes management.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing initial peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following should the nurse report immediately to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Purulent dialysate outflow. This should be reported immediately to the provider because it indicates a possible infection in the peritoneal cavity, which can lead to peritonitis. Purulent discharge may be a sign of bacterial contamination and requires prompt medical intervention to prevent serious complications. Reporting this promptly allows for timely treatment initiation. Blood-tinged dialysate outflow (choice
B) may be a normal finding initially. Reporting of fullness with dialysate dwelling (choice
C) could indicate inadequate drainage or fluid overload, but it is not as urgent as an infection. Discomfort during dialysate inflow (choice
D) could be due to catheter placement issues or improper technique, which can be addressed after ensuring there is no infection.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney injury about the oliguric phase. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urine output is less than 400 mL per 24 hr. During the oliguric phase of acute kidney injury, there is a significant decrease in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per 24 hours. This occurs due to a decrease in glomerular filtration rate and impaired kidney function. BUN and creatinine levels actually increase during this phase due to impaired kidney function, so option A is incorrect. The GFR does not recover during the oliguric phase, so option C is incorrect. Renal function is not reestablished during the oliguric phase; it may improve in the diuretic phase that follows, making option D incorrect.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has Addison's disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Teach the parents about cortisol replacement therapy. In Addison's disease, the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol. Cortisol replacement therapy is crucial to manage the condition. By educating the parents about this therapy, they can understand the importance of adherence and monitoring for signs of over or under-replacement.
A: Placing the child on a low-sodium diet is not directly related to managing Addison's disease.
B: Monitoring for fluid volume excess is more relevant in conditions like Cushing's syndrome, not Addison's disease.
C: Hyperglycemia is not a primary manifestation of Addison's disease, so discussing it with the parents is not the priority.
In summary, the correct answer addresses the primary treatment for Addison's disease, while the other options are not directly related to managing this condition.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is receiving therapy with epoetin alfa. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse review for an indication of a therapeutic effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The hematocrit (Hct). Epoetin alfa is a medication used to stimulate red blood cell production in patients with renal disease. Monitoring the hematocrit levels helps assess the medication's effectiveness in increasing red blood cell count. Hematocrit measures the percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells. An increase in hematocrit indicates improved red blood cell production, indicating a therapeutic effect.
Incorrect
Choices:
B: The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a marker of inflammation, not related to the therapeutic effect of epoetin alfa.
C: The leukocyte count measures white blood cells, not relevant for monitoring the effects of epoetin alfa.
D: The platelet count assesses clotting ability, not indicative of the therapeutic effect of epoetin alfa.