ATI RN
ATI RN Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute heart failure and received morphine IV 30 min ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the medication was effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Morphine in heart failure reduces preload and anxiety, improving comfort. Decreased anxiety indicates effectiveness. Vomiting, increased respiratory rate, or low urine output suggest other issues, not therapeutic response.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The client is diaphoretic, has a heart rate of 92/min, and reports palpitations. The client states, 'I went for my morning run and feel exhausted.' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diaphoresis, palpitations, and exhaustion suggest hypoglycemia, common in type 1 diabetes if insulin isn't reduced before exercise, which increases glucose uptake. Other responses dismiss or misattribute the symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a complete thyroidectomy. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Muscle twitching post-thyroidectomy may indicate hypocalcemia due to parathyroid gland damage, leading to tetany or laryngospasm, which are life-threatening. This is a priority over common postoperative findings like drainage, pain, or nausea.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has emphysema. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pursed-lip breathing with prolonged exhalation (not inhalation) improves gas exchange in emphysema by preventing airway collapse. Low-flow oxygen, incentive spirometry, and adequate fluids are also appropriate but less specific.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of AIDS. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wearing gloves and handwashing when changing litter prevents toxoplasmosis, a risk in AIDS due to immunosuppression. Alcohol is insufficient for body fluids, dry cleaning isn't needed, and diet alone doesn't address infection risk.