ATI RN
ATI RN Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute angina. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nitroglycerin relieves acute angina by dilating coronary arteries, improving blood flow, and is the first action to alleviate chest pain. Aspirin, IV access, and blood pressure follow for further management.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has increased intracranial pressure. The nurse should recognize that which of the following is the first sign of deteriorating neurological status?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Altered consciousness (e.g., confusion) is the earliest sign of worsening intracranial pressure, reflecting cerebral dysfunction before respirations, posturing, or pupil changes, which indicate later stages.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a contusion of the brainstem and reports thirst. The client's urinary output was 4,000 mL over the past 24 hr. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following IV medications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excessive thirst and high urinary output suggest diabetes insipidus from brainstem injury affecting antidiuretic hormone. Desmopressin replaces this hormone, reducing urine output. Other medications address unrelated conditions like shock, hypertension, or edema.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in the ICU. The client's ECG monitor tracing reveals sinus bradycardia and ST segment elevation. The client reports shortness of breath and feeling dizzy and faint. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sinus bradycardia causing dizziness and shortness of breath indicates symptomatic hypotension. Atropine increases heart rate. Lidocaine and sotalol treat arrhythmias, and digoxin slows heart rate, worsening bradycardia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse working in the emergency department is admitting a client who has pertussis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pertussis is droplet-spread; a surgical mask protects during close contact. Mantoux tests TB, negative-pressure rooms are for airborne diseases, and antivirals don't treat bacterial pertussis.