ATI RN
ATI RN Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to start furosemide therapy for heart failure. Which of the following statements indicates that the client understands a potential adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Furosemide, a diuretic, can cause hypokalemia. Including potassium-rich foods like cantaloupe indicates understanding of this risk. Limiting salt helps heart failure but isn't an adverse effect, pulse checking is unrelated, and furosemide lowers, not raises, blood pressure.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client following the administration of an initial dose of captopril. Which of the following findings indicates an anaphylactic response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Laryngeal edema indicates airway compromise from an anaphylactic reaction to captopril, an ACE inhibitor. Fever, hypertension, and arrhythmias are not typical anaphylactic responses.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to obtain a guaiac smear sample from a client for fecal occult blood testing. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urine contaminates fecal occult blood tests, giving false results, so such samples are discarded. Samples are taken from different stool areas, non-sterile gloves suffice, and multiple movements are preferred.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is monitoring an older adult client who has an exacerbation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The nurse notes petechiae on the client's skin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Petechiae indicate thrombocytopenia, common in leukemia, increasing bleeding risk. Bleeding precautions (e.g., avoiding invasive procedures, using soft brushes) are essential to prevent hemorrhage, unlike the other options, which are irrelevant to this finding.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has acute gout. The nurse should expect an increase in which of the following laboratory results?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gout results from hyperuricemia, causing uric acid crystal deposition in joints. Elevated uric acid levels confirm this, unlike chloride, creatinine kinase (muscle damage), or intrinsic factor (vitamin B12 absorption).