ATI RN
ATI N200 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and is started on IV rifampin. The nurse should instruct the client that they should expect to experience which of the following manifestations while taking this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rifampin causes red-colored urine (
A), a harmless side effect. Black stools (
B), constipation (
C), and teeth staining (
D) are not typical.
Question 2 of 5
A client is admitted at 0700 with severe dehydration. The doctor orders D5W to run at 150 ml/hr. The client is ordered an IVPB antibiotic every 4 hours, that will be administered in 50 ml of IV fluid over 1 hour. The antibiotic is scheduled to start at 0800. The client is permitted liquids and takes the following: 4 oz gelatin 10 oz apple juice 500 ml of water 16 oz of ice chips which is consumed by the end of the shift Urine output is as follows: At 0900: 100 mL 1100: 250 mL 1330: 290 mL 1445: 250 ml At 1200, the client had 300 mL of a diarrhea stool. Calculate the cumulative fluid balance for the 0700-1500 shift.
Correct Answer: 1270 mL
Rationale: Intake: IV Fluids: D5W: 150 ml/hr from 0700 to 1500 (8 hours) = 150 ml/hr * 8 hr = 1200 ml. Antibiotic: 50 ml every 4 hours, starting at 0800. So, it will be administered at 0800 and 1200 = 50 ml * 2 = 100 ml. Oral Intake: Gelatin: 4 oz = 4 * 30 ml = 120 ml. Apple Juice: 10 oz = 10 * 30 ml = 300 ml. Water: 500 ml. Ice Chips: 16 oz (since ice chips are half liquid) = 16 * 30 ml / 2 = 240 ml.
Total Intake: 1200 ml (D5W) + 100 ml (Antibiotic) + 120 ml (Gelatin) + 300 ml (Apple Juice) + 500 ml (Water) + 240 ml (Ice Chips) = 2460 ml. Output: Urine Output: 0900: 100 ml, 1100: 250 ml, 1330: 290 ml, 1445: 250 ml. Diarrhea Stool: 1200: 300 ml.
Total Output: 100 ml + 250 ml + 290 ml + 250 ml + 300 ml = 1190 ml. Cumulative Fluid Balance: Intake - Output: 2460 ml - 1190 ml = 1270 ml. So, the cumulative fluid balance for the 0700-1500 shift is +1270 ml.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is presenting a community health program on fracture risk reduction. Which topics should be included? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Recreational drug use does not directly relate to fracture prevention and is less relevant for a fracture risk reduction program. The use of seatbelts helps reduce the risk of fractures during vehicle accidents, a common cause of trauma. Osteoporosis screening is important for identifying individuals at higher risk for fractures due to bone weakness. Helmets protect against head injuries, which can result in fractures, particularly in activities like biking or skating. Fall prevention strategies are crucial in reducing fracture risk, especially in older adults or those with osteoporosis.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse gives metoprolol 25 mg PO BID to a client who has coronary artery disease. The nurse understands that the primary use of this medication is to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, reduces heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand, effectively decreasing the cardiac workload. Metoprolol does not primarily dilate coronary arteries. While it can help manage dysrhythmias, its main purpose is to reduce cardiac workload. Metoprolol does not increase the strength of myocardial contraction; it may reduce it slightly to decrease oxygen demand.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has remained in skeletal traction for an extended period of time. The nurse is assessing for signs/symptoms of complications of immobility. Included would be: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Prolonged immobility can lead to skin breakdown due to pressure and reduced circulation. Circulation typically worsens with immobility, not improves. Immobility usually decreases gastric motility, not increases it. Disuse atrophy occurs as muscles weaken from lack of use. Loss of appetite can occur due to reduced activity and metabolic rate.