ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of heart failure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exercising at least three times per week is correct. Regular physical activity improves cardiovascular function within safe limits. Notifying for a 1-lb weight gain weekly is too sensitive, naproxen can worsen heart failure, and diuretics before bedtime cause nocturia.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following describe a non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An NSTEMI occurs due to a partial occlusion of a coronary artery, causing ischemia without ST-segment elevation. Complete occlusion describes STEMI, and exertional chest pain describes stable angina.
Question 3 of 5
A client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and right-sided heart failure. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Eating six small meals a day limits oxygen demand during digestion and prevents bloating, aiding breathing. Excessive fluids, lying down, and protein intake adjustments are not appropriate.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client with the diagnosis of left-sided heart failure. Which clinical finding should the nurse expect the client to experience?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Orthopnea is correct. Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion, leading to difficulty breathing when lying flat. Bradycardia, diaphoresis, and yellow sputum are not hallmark symptoms of left-sided heart failure.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is considered a risk factor for COPD?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is correct. It is a genetic disorder that leads to early-onset emphysema, impairing the lungs' ability to protect against enzymatic damage. Hypertension, male gender, and history of pulmonary embolism are not primary risk factors for COPD.