ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg Exam Cardiac Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has valvular heart disease and is at risk for developing left-sided heart failure. Which of the following manifestations should alert the nurse the client is developing this condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shortness of breath (dyspnea) is correct. Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion, leading to dyspnea and orthopnea. Weight gain and anorexia are more associated with right-sided heart failure, and pulmonary embolism is a separate condition.
Question 2 of 5
The emergency room nurse is assessing a client with jugular venous distention, ascites, shortness of breath, and a 3-pound weight gain in the past 24 hours. Which of the following would the nurse anticipate being ordered?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) is correct. BNP is a key diagnostic marker for heart failure, indicating increased cardiac filling pressures and volume overload, which match the client's symptoms of jugular venous distention, ascites, shortness of breath, and weight gain. Pulmonary function tests, Alpha-1 antitrypsin, and Doppler ultrasound do not directly assess heart failure.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of heart failure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exercising at least three times per week is correct. Regular physical activity improves cardiovascular function within safe limits. Notifying for a 1-lb weight gain weekly is too sensitive, naproxen can worsen heart failure, and diuretics before bedtime cause nocturia.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is providing education to a client on ways to prevent the development of a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following statements would require further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Crossing the legs increases the risk of venous stasis and clot formation, requiring further teaching. Quitting smoking, staying hydrated, and exercising are appropriate preventive measures.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of left-sided heart failure. The nurse expects what assessment findings associated with left-sided heart failure? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Crackles in the lungs (
C), confusion (
D), and exertional dyspnea (E) are expected. Left-sided heart failure causes pulmonary congestion (crackles, dyspnea) and reduced cerebral perfusion (confusion). Ascites and leg edema are associated with right-sided heart failure.