ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam Midterm RN 36 1125 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in the outpatient cardiologist's office. The client is alert and oriented. Lung sounds with crackles are heard bilaterally. Dyspnea is observed on exertion, and heart sounds reveal an S3 gallop. Which of the following findings is the nurse most likely to expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pitting edema is a classic sign of fluid retention associated with heart failure, indicated by crackles, dyspnea, and an S3 gallop.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client who has a medical history of rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, and a family history of heart disease and arthritis. The client has a 60-year smoking history and denies alcohol or other substance use. They are positive for Helicobacter pylori and are on medication for peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which three findings from the client's medical record increase their risk for peptic ulcer disease?
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Smoking, adalimumab, and NSAID use increase PUD risk by affecting gastric lining and immune response.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. Which complication would result in gastric contents spilling into the patient's peritoneal cavity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Perforation is the correct answer because it describes a hole forming in the wall of the stomach or duodenum, allowing gastric contents to spill into the peritoneal cavity, leading to peritonitis, which is a severe and life-threatening condition.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage kidney disease and will soon begin hemodialysis treatments. Which of the following restrictions should the nurse discuss with the client that may impact their quality of life?
Correct Answer: C,E,F
Rationale: Time constraints, dietary restrictions, and fluid restrictions significantly impact quality of life in hemodialysis patients.
Question 5 of 5
A patient admitted with acute kidney injury due to dehydration has oliguria, anemia, and hyperkalemia. Which prescribed action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the case of hyperkalemia, which can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias, the most immediate nursing action is to place the patient on a cardiac monitor to detect life-threatening changes.