ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam Midterm RN 36 1125 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient admitted with acute kidney injury due to dehydration has oliguria, anemia, and hyperkalemia. Which prescribed action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the case of hyperkalemia, which can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias, the most immediate nursing action is to place the patient on a cardiac monitor to detect life-threatening changes.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is gathering medical history from a client admitted for pyelonephritis. Which of the following should the nurse expect the client to report when asked about their medical history?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A history of UTIs is relevant to pyelonephritis, as the infection can ascend from the lower urinary tract to the kidneys. Recurrent UTIs are a risk factor for pyelonephritis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has peripheral venous disease about the management of symptoms. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inspecting the legs daily for changes is a key part of self-management for peripheral venous disease, aiding in early detection of complications.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has an acute kidney injury caused by acute tubular necrosis. The client asks why their glomerular filtration rate (GFR) keeps decreasing. Which of the following pathophysiological changes occurring in the kidney should the nurse explain as the cause of the decrease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acute tubular necrosis is characterized by damage to the renal tubular cells, which can lead to a decrease in GFR. This damage impairs the kidney's ability to filter waste products from the blood.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is admitted with esophageal varices and portal hypertension. Which underlying cause of these conditions would the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Liver cirrhosis is the most common cause of esophageal varices and portal hypertension. Cirrhosis leads to scarring of the liver, which impedes blood flow through the portal vein, causing increased pressure and the development of collateral blood vessels.