ATI RN
ATI Rn 46 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
History and Physical
0900:
History of present illness:
Client presents to the emergency department reporting acute onset of back pain that started this morning. Client reports pain as 8 on a scale of Oto 10. Client also reports feeling dizzy and weak.
Past medical history: Diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension
Surgical history: Appendectomy at age 23 years
Family history:
Father: History of prostate cancer Mother: Died of "old age"
Social history: Smokes 1 pack of cigarette
Vital Signs
0900:
Blood pressure 136/84 mm Hg
Heart rate 111/min
Respiratory rate 20/min
Temperature 37° C (98.6" F)
0920:
Blood pressure 150/86 mm Hg
Heart rate 120/min
Respiratory rate 24/min
Temperature 37° C (98.6° F)
Provider Prescriptions
Metoprolol succinate ER 100 mg PO x 1 dose
Diagnostic results
0915:
CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis: 4 cm infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) Hemoglobin 11 g/dL (14 to 18 g/dL)
Hematocrit 40% (42% to 52%)
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department. Which of the following interventions should the nurse expect when planning care for this client? (Select All that Apply)
Correct Answer: B,C,E,F
Rationale: Analyzing CBC monitors for bleeding, preparing for surgery addresses symptomatic AAA, antihypertensives control rupture risk, and arterial line aids monitoring. Back pain monitoring, transfusion, and education are secondary in the acute phase.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
After receiving shift change report, which of the following patients should the nurse see first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: New-onset flank pain and hematuria in a patient with infective endocarditis suggest a life-threatening complication like renal infarction, requiring immediate attention. Mitral valve prolapse is not critical. Low urine output needs monitoring but is less urgent. The pacemaker patient is stable.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has been diagnosed with ST-elevated myocardial infarction. The nurse anticipates administering which of the following medications?(Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Nitroglycerin relieves chest pain, aspirin prevents clot formation, and morphine reduces pain and oxygen demand in STEMI. Furosemide and penicillin are not used for acute STEMI management.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has suspected cardiac tamponade. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse anticipate the provider to order first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An echocardiogram is the most specific test for cardiac tamponade, visualizing fluid in the pericardial sac and its impact on heart function. ECG, CT, and chest x-ray are less definitive for this diagnosis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who is postoperative following the insertion of a permanent pacemaker. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,D,E,F
Rationale: Patients should avoid high-impact activities for 6-8 weeks, not 4 weeks. Airport security should be informed about the pacemaker to avoid interference from metal detectors. Modern pacemakers are not affected by microwaves. Hiccups may indicate pacemaker malfunction and should be reported. Monitoring pulse daily helps detect issues. Tight clothing can irritate the insertion site.