ATI RN
ATI Rn 46 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching several newly licensed nurses about cardiac valve replacement. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Among the four heart valves (aortic, mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary), the aortic and mitral valves are indeed the most commonly replaced valves. Aortic stenosis and mitral valve regurgitation are frequent indications for valve replacement. Aortic stenosis primarily affects the left ventricle, not the right. Mitral valve insufficiency primarily causes problems on the left side of the heart. The tricuspid valve is on the right side of the heart and its inadequate closure affects the right side, not the left ventricle.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing education to a client who has a newly diagnosed abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An AAA is a dilation of the aorta greater than 30 mm. Most occur infrarenally, rupture risk increases with high blood pressure, and the wall is weakened, not thickened.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has been diagnosed with a 4cm abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following conditions would indicate surgical intervention may be necessary?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Marfan's syndrome increases AAA rupture risk due to weakened connective tissue, often necessitating surgery. Young age, controlled hypertension, or patient concerns do not directly indicate surgery.
Question 4 of 5
A 67-year-old patient will be undergoing a mitral valve replacement for severe mitral valve stenosis. When reviewing the patient's chart, which of these infectious diseases would likely to be present in this patient's history?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rheumatic fever is a known cause of rheumatic heart disease, leading to mitral valve stenosis. Meningitis, Haemophilus influenzae, and varicella are not associated with valvular heart disease.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with a sinus node dysfunction has a permanent pacemaker inserted. Before discharge, what should the nurse include when teaching the patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding chest trauma protects the pacemaker. Arm lifting is restricted initially, microwaves are safe, and pacing does not typically cause spasms.