ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 9 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with an inner ear infection. Which of the following manifestations will the nurse expect the client to report?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Loss of balance is expected due to inflammation in the vestibular system of the inner ear, causing vertigo or dizziness. Inability to recognize words relates to the auditory cortex, cheek twitching to the facial nerve, and lack of air sound to the outer or middle ear.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has dementia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce the client's risk of aspiration pneumonia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sitting the client upright at 90 degrees during feeding helps gravity direct food away from the lungs, reducing the risk of aspiration pneumonia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a complete spinal cord injury. Based on the nurse's understanding about the degree of this type of injury, what can the nurse expect will be the client's level of function?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reason: This is the correct choice because a complete spinal cord injury is a condition where there is no motor or sensory function below the level of injury. The client will have paralysis of all four limbs (quadriplegia) and loss of bladder, bowel, and sexual function. The client will also have impaired thermoregulation, breathing, and blood pressure. The client will need 24-hour a day care to assist with mobility, hygiene, elimination, nutrition, and prevention of complications. Reason: This is incorrect because a client who is able to assist with transfer and perform self-care has a partial spinal cord injury, not a complete one. A partial spinal cord injury is a condition where there is some motor or sensory function below the level of injury. The degree of impairment depends on the extent and location of the damage. Reason: This is incorrect because a client who is able to roll over independently has a lower spinal cord injury, not a complete one. A lower spinal cord injury is a condition where there is damage to the lumbar or sacral segments of the spinal cord. The client will have paralysis of the lower limbs (paraplegia) and some loss of bladder, bowel, and sexual function. The client will still have some control over the upper limbs and trunk. Reason: This is incorrect because a client who is able to drive an electric wheelchair has an upper spinal cord injury, not a complete one. An upper spinal cord injury is a condition where there is damage to the cervical or thoracic segments of the spinal cord. The client will have paralysis of all four limbs (quadriplegia) and loss of bladder, bowel, and sexual function. However, the client may still have some movement or sensation in the shoulders, arms, or hands.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client following cataract surgery. Which of the following comments from the client should the nurse report to the client's provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe pain in the eye post-cataract surgery may indicate complications such as infection, inflammation, bleeding, or increased intraocular pressure, necessitating immediate reporting to the provider.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about diagnostic vision tests. The nurse should include that which of the following tests is performed to diagnose macular degeneration?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Amsler grid test is used to diagnose macular degeneration by detecting distortions or missing areas in the grid, indicating damage to the macula.