ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Placing the client on seizure precautions is important as metabolic alkalosis can cause neurological symptoms, such as confusion and increased risk for seizures due to electrolyte imbalances (e.g., low calcium levels).
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and reports having shortness of breath and swelling in his lower extremities. Upon assessment, the nurse notes the client has crackles in his lungs and an elevated blood pressure. The nurse should suspect which of the following based on the client's manifestations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypervolemia, or fluid overload, is common in end-stage kidney disease and can manifest with symptoms such as shortness of breath, lower extremity edema, crackles in the lungs (due to pulmonary congestion), and elevated blood pressure.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has end-stage kidney disease and is receiving hemodialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the client is experiencing fluid overload?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sudden weight gain is a common sign of fluid overload in clients with end-stage kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has impaired renal function. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A urine output of 175 ml over 8 hours indicates oliguria, which can be concerning in a client with impaired renal function. It suggests decreased kidney function and inadequate elimination of waste products and fluids, necessitating prompt notification of the healthcare provider.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has the following arterial blood gas results: HCO3-, 18 mEq, PaCO2 28 mm Hg and pH 7.30. The nurse recognizes the client is experiencing which of the following acid base imbalances?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The low bicarbonate level (HCO3) 18mEq/L and low pH 7.30 indicate metabolic acidosis. The low PaCO2 at 28 mm Hg indicates respiratory compensation for the metabolic acidosis.