ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
18-month-old toddler during a well-child visit
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing an 18-month-old toddler during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a potential developmental delay?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Walks with assistance. At 18 months old, toddlers should be able to walk independently. Walking with assistance at this age could indicate a potential developmental delay in gross motor skills. This milestone typically occurs around 12-15 months. Engaging in parallel play (
A) is normal for this age group. Building a tower of 3 blocks (
B) and speaking at least 10 words (
D) are also typical developmental milestones for an 18-month-old.
Extract:
Infant with heart failure who vomited after digoxin
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant who has heart failure and vomited following administration of digoxin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer the next dose as prescribed. In this scenario, the infant vomited after receiving digoxin, which is a common side effect of the medication. However, it does not mean that the dose was not absorbed. Re-administering the dose ensures that the infant receives the necessary medication for heart failure. Mixing the medication with formula (
B) may alter its absorption. Giving an antiemetic (
C) is not necessary unless vomiting persists. Increasing fluid intake (
D) is not directly related to addressing the vomiting after digoxin administration.
Extract:
6-month-old infant with gastroenteritis
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who has gastroenteritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of severe dehydration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sunken anterior fontanel. Severe dehydration in infants can lead to a sunken anterior fontanel due to decreased fluid volume in the body. The fontanel is a soft spot on the baby's head where the skull bones haven't yet fused, and its sunken appearance indicates significant fluid loss. Other options (
A) Weight loss of 5%, (
C) Produces tears when crying, and (
D) Capillary refill time 3 seconds are important assessments in dehydration but are not specific to severe dehydration. Weight loss can occur in mild to moderate dehydration, tear production is not a reliable indicator of dehydration severity, and a capillary refill time of 3 seconds is within the normal range.
Therefore, the sunken anterior fontanel is the most indicative of severe dehydration in this scenario.
Extract:
4-month-old infant
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to collect a capillary blood specimen from the heel of a 4-month-old infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Puncture the outer aspect of the heel. This is the correct action because the outer aspect of the heel has better blood flow and is less painful for the infant. Puncturing the inner aspect can lead to injury of the medial and lateral plantar arteries and nerves. Wiping the site with alcohol after the puncture (choice
A) can introduce contaminants, increasing the risk of infection. Applying a cool pack (choice
C) can vasoconstrict blood vessels, making it harder to collect the specimen. Using a surgical blade (choice
D) is unnecessary and increases the risk of injury.
Extract:
School-age child with heart failure taking furosemide
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A decrease in peripheral edema. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works by increasing urine output, reducing fluid volume, and decreasing congestion in heart failure patients.
Therefore, a decrease in peripheral edema indicates that the medication is effectively reducing fluid retention and congestion.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: An increase in venous pressure - Furosemide should actually decrease venous pressure by reducing fluid volume.
C: An increase in potassium levels - Furosemide can cause potassium loss, so an increase in potassium levels would be an indication of a potential issue.
D: A decrease in cardiac output - Furosemide should not decrease cardiac output; it should help improve cardiac function by reducing fluid overload.