ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
School-age child receiving cefazolin
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving cefazolin. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct Answer: B. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a rare but serious adverse effect of antibiotics like cefazolin. A. Hypotension isn’t typical. C. Cefazolin doesn’t delay healing. D. Bradypnea isn’t associated.
Extract:
Child presents to the emergency department (ED). Guardians report the child woke up coughing with a low-grade fever. Child appears alert and restless in guardian's arms. Respirations easy, no cough noted. 0800: Child became agitated. Hoarse cry noted with audible inspiratory stridor. Barking, non-productive cough present. Vital Signs 0730: Tympanic temperature 38.1° C (100.6° F), Heart rate 95/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Oxygen saturation 98% on room air. 0800: Tympanic temperature 38.2° C (101° F), Heart rate 112/min, Respiratory rate 24/min, Oxygen saturation 96% on room air
Question 2 of 5
For each of the following findings, click to specify if the finding is consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis or pneumonia.
| Findings | Acute laryngotracheobronchitis | pneumonia |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature | ||
| Stridor | ||
| Irritability | ||
| Cough findings at 0800 |
Correct Answer: A: Both, B: Acute laryngotracheobronchitis, C: Both, D: Acute laryngotracheobronchitis
Rationale: A. Fever occurs in both. B. Stridor is classic for croup, not pneumonia. C. Irritability is nonspecific, seen in both. D. Barking cough is specific to croup.
Extract:
15-year-old adolescent admitted for a vaso-occlusive crisis. Parent reports low-grade fever and vomiting for 3 days. Adolescent reports right-sided and low back pain, painful swollen hands and right knee, pain 8/10. Vital Signs: Temperature 37.8° C (100° F), Heart rate 100/min, Blood pressure 110/72 mm Hg, Respiratory rate 20/min, Oxygen saturation 95%. Assessment: Yellow sclera, tender right upper quadrant, swollen painful hands and knee. Labs: Hct 28%, Hgb 6 g/dL, WBC 20,000/mm3, ALT 50 units/L, AST 62 units/L, Total bilirubin 3.0 mg/dL. Chest X-ray: cardiomegaly, systolic flow murmur
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is planning care for the adolescent. Select the 5 interventions the nurse should include.
Correct Answer: B,D,E,G
Rationale: B. Bed rest reduces oxygen demand. D. Vaccine prevents infection, critical in sickle cell. E. Folic acid aids anemia. G. Oxygen monitoring detects compromise. A. Cold worsens pain; use warmth. C. Hydroxyurea prevents, doesn't treat acute crisis. F. Meperidine is avoided; use morphine.
Extract:
History and Physical A 15-year-old adolescent is admitted for a vaso-occlusive crisis. The parent reports that the adolescent has a low-grade fever and has vomited for 3 days. The adolescent reports having right-sided and low back pain. They also report hands and right knee are painful and swollen. The client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10.
Question 4 of 5
Select the 5 interventions the nurse should include.
Correct Answer: A,B,E,H
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A,B,E,H. A. Folic acid is important for patients with sickle cell disease because it helps produce new red blood cells. B. Continuous monitoring of oxygen saturation is crucial because hypoxia can exacerbate sickling of red blood cells. E. Patients with sickle cell disease are at increased risk for infections, including pneumococcal infections, due to functional asplenia. H. Hydroxyurea increases fetal hemoglobin production, reducing the frequency of vaso-occlusive crises. Interventions to avoid: C. Cold can cause vasoconstriction, worsening pain. D. Hydration is crucial; restricting intake could worsen the crisis. F. Strict bed rest increases the risk of complications like thrombosis. G. Meperidine is not recommended due to side effects like respiratory depression.
Extract:
4-year-old child
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to perform a venipuncture on a 4-year-old child. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure atraumatic care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Topical anesthetic reduces pain, promoting atraumatic care. A. Parent presence comforts the child. B. Detailed explanations 3 hours prior increase anxiety. C. Playroom procedures create negative associations.