ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
8-year-old child recently diagnosed with chronic renal failure
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for an 8-year-old child who was recently diagnosed with chronic renal failure. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemodialysis uses an artificial membrane outside the body to clean your child's blood. In hemodialysis, blood is circulated outside the body through a dialyzer with a semipermeable membrane that acts as an artificial kidney to remove waste products. This process mimics the filtration function of the kidneys. Option A is incorrect because hemodialysis does not use an electrolyte solution to clean the blood. Option C is incorrect as hemodialysis does not use the abdominal cavity as a membrane. Option D is incorrect as hemodialysis is not a continuous filtration process.
Extract:
Diagnostic Results Cerebrospinal fluid Pressure: 22 cm H2O (less than 20 cm H2O) Color: Cloudy (clear or colorless) Blood: None (none) Cells RBC: 0 (0) WBC: 36 cells/mcL (0 to 30 cells/mcL) Protein: 92 mg/dL (up to 70 mg/dL) Glucose: 36 mg/dL (50 to 75 mg/dL) Serum glucose: 64 mg/dL (60 to 100 mg/dL)
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a 3-month-old infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer ceftriaxone. In an emergency department setting, ceftriaxone is commonly used to treat bacterial infections in infants. It covers a broad spectrum of bacteria and is often indicated in cases of suspected sepsis or meningitis. Administering this antibiotic promptly can be crucial in preventing serious complications.
Summary of other choices:
B: Initiate serum glucose testing every 1 hr - Not typically indicated for a 3-month-old infant unless there are specific concerns about glucose levels.
C: Administer pneumococcal conjugate vaccine - Vaccination is important but not an immediate action in an emergency setting.
D: Initiate neutropenic precautions - Neutropenic precautions are not typically necessary for a 3-month-old infant in the emergency department setting.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has cystic fibrosis about home care following discharge. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the pancreas, leading to difficulty in digesting food. Taking pancreatic enzymes with meals and snacks helps the child properly digest and absorb nutrients. This is crucial for growth and overall health.
Choice A is incorrect as tonsil and adenoid removal is not typically indicated for cystic fibrosis.
Choice B is incorrect as isoniazid is used to treat tuberculosis, not cystic fibrosis.
Choice C is incorrect as chest x-rays are not routinely done to monitor cystic fibrosis.
Extract:
Preschool-age child postoperative following a tonsillectomy
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a preschool-age child who is postoperative following a tonsillectomy and is clearing her throat frequently. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Observe the child's throat with a flashlight. This is the first action the nurse should take because the child's frequent throat clearing may indicate bleeding, which is a common complication post-tonsillectomy and requires immediate attention. Administering water (choice
A) may worsen bleeding if present. Administering an analgesic (choice
B) is not the priority as the child's throat clearing is a more urgent issue. Offering an ice collar (choice
D) may not address the potential bleeding. Observing the child's throat with a flashlight (choice
C) allows the nurse to assess for any signs of bleeding and take appropriate action promptly.
Extract:
School-age child with a maintenance prescription for prednisone following an acute asthma attack
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a school-age child who has a maintenance prescription for prednisone following an acute asthma attack. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "My child might experience mood swings." This statement indicates understanding because prednisone, a corticosteroid, can cause mood swings as a common side effect. This shows the parent comprehends the potential side effects of the medication.
Choice A is incorrect because withholding medication before physical activity could be dangerous during an asthma attack.
Choice C is incorrect as weekly blood tests are not typically required for monitoring prednisone use.
Choice D is incorrect as decreased appetite is a common side effect but not the best indicator of understanding the teaching.