ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving morphine. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a severe adverse reaction associated with certain medications but is not typically associated with morphine. B. Hypertension is not a common adverse effect of morphine; hypotension may occur instead. C. Prolonged wound healing is not typically associated with morphine use. D. Bradypnea (slow breathing) is a potential adverse effect of opioid medications such as morphine.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for an infant who has necrotizing enterocolitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. While vomiting can be a symptom in some gastrointestinal disorders, it is not specific to necrotizing enterocolitis. B. Hypertension is not typically associated with necrotizing enterocolitis. Instead, infants may present with hypotension due to septic shock or poor perfusion. C. A rounded abdomen is a common finding in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis due to abdominal distension from gas and fluid accumulation. D. Tachypnea may occur in response to systemic infection or respiratory distress but is not a defining characteristic of necrotizing enterocolitis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of a school-age child about bicycle safety. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. Riding the bicycle against the flow of traffic increases the risk of collisions with oncoming vehicles. Children should ride with the flow of traffic to be more predictable and visible to drivers. B. Keeping the bicycle at least 3 feet from the curb while riding in the street is excessive and may place the child too far into traffic; a safer distance is closer to 1-2 feet to avoid hazards like parked cars. C. Walking the bicycle through intersections allows the child to safely navigate intersections as pedestrians, reducing the risk of accidents with vehicles. D. The height of the child's feet when seated on the bicycle being 3 to 6 inches off the ground is unsafe; their feet should be able to touch the ground for balance and control while stopping and starting.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a parent of a child who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Instructing the parent to discontinue prednisone if gastrointestinal upset occurs is not appropriate, as abrupt discontinuation of corticosteroids can lead to adrenal insufficiency. Monitoring for and managing gastrointestinal upset while continuing the medication as prescribed is more appropriate. B. Limiting intake of potassium-rich foods is not specifically indicated with prednisone therapy. Prednisone may increase the risk of potassium loss, but dietary adjustments should be made under medical guidance. C. Prednisone can affect growth in children, but it is more commonly associated with slowing growth rather than stimulating a growth spurt. This statement is misleading and not accurate. D. Monitoring the child for indications of infection is crucial when taking prednisone, as corticosteroids can suppress the immune system and increase susceptibility to infections. This statement addresses an important aspect of medication safety and is the priority in discharge teaching.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes: 0700: 7 year old client who weighs 18.1 kg (39.9 lb) admitted with a UTI. Child reports pain and burning upon urination and feeling like they need to go to the bathroom all the time. Child's guardian reports the client has been incontinent of urine the past 2 nights and that the urine has a very strong odor. Vital Signs: 0715: Temperature 38 C (100.4 F), Heart rate 80/min, Respiratory rate 22/min, Blood pressure 106/65 mm Hg. 0930: Temperature 38.4 C (101.1 F), Heart rate 90/min, Respiratory rate 23/min, Blood pressure 105/65 mm Hg. Provider Prescription: Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim 8 mg TMP/kg/day PO, Salicylic acid 20 mg/kg/dose every 4 hr as needed for pain and fever
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is planning care for the client. For each of the following interventions, click to specify if the potential intervention is anticipated or contraindicated for the client.
| Intervention | Anticipated |
|---|---|
| Educate the child about proper perineal hygiene | |
| Administer sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim | |
| Administer salicylic acid for pain and fever | |
| Ensure the child receives a maximum of 1,200 mL/day of fluid | |
| Advise child's guardian about the use of sunscreen |
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: A. Proper perineal hygiene is essential in preventing recurrent urinary tract infections. Teaching the child about proper hygiene practices is important for preventing future UTIs. B. Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim are antibiotics commonly used to treat urinary tract infections. Administering the prescribed antibiotic is appropriate for treating the UTI. C. Salicylic acid (aspirin) is contraindicated in children with viral infections due to the risk of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious condition. Since the child has a fever, which is likely due to the UTI, salicylic acid should not be given. D. Fluid intake should be encouraged to help flush out the bacteria causing the UTI. Restricting fluid intake is not appropriate in this situation. E. Advising the child's guardian about the use of sunscreen is appropriate, especially if the child will be outdoors. This intervention is not directly related to the UTI but is generally important for the child's overall health and well-being.