ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has septic shock and is receiving dopamine by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should increase the rate of infusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. In septic shock, dopamine is used to increase blood pressure by improving cardiac output. If the client's blood pressure is still low despite receiving dopamine, it indicates that the current rate of infusion is not sufficient to maintain adequate perfusion. Increasing the infusion rate can help improve blood pressure and perfusion. Headache (
A), extravasation (
C), and chest pain (
D) are not direct indicators for adjusting the dopamine infusion rate in septic shock.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A - Elevated hematocrit level
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes diuresis, leading to fluid loss. As a result of fluid volume deficit, there will be a concentration of red blood cells in the blood, causing an elevated hematocrit level. This occurs because with less fluid in the bloodstream, the ratio of red blood cells to plasma increases. Elevated hematocrit is a common indicator of dehydration or fluid volume deficit.
Summary of other choices:
B: Shortness of breath - This is a symptom of fluid volume overload, not deficit.
C: Distended neck veins - This is a sign of fluid volume overload, not deficit.
D: Weight gain - This is a sign of fluid volume overload, not deficit.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about total parenteral nutrition (TPM). Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A
Rationale:
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) bypasses the digestive tract, providing nutrients directly into the bloodstream. This is crucial for clients who cannot tolerate enteral feeding. TPN is administered through a central line to prevent irritation and complications from peripheral IV access. The other options are incorrect because TPN carries a higher risk of complications, including sepsis, hyperglycemia, electrolyte imbalances, and liver dysfunction. Administering TPN peripherally can lead to phlebitis and infiltration. Aspiration risk is more associated with enteral feeding rather than TPN, which is given intravenously. The nurse should emphasize the importance of proper line care and monitoring to prevent infections and other adverse effects.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a gonococcal infection and has been prescribed an IM injection of ceftriaxone. The client refuses the medication because they are afraid of needles. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct response is A: "I will discuss other treatment options with your provider." This response shows respect for the client's autonomy and addresses their fear of needles by exploring alternative treatment options. It also indicates collaboration with the healthcare provider to find a solution that is acceptable to the client.
B: This response is coercive and does not respect the client's autonomy, which may lead to further refusal of treatment.
C: While this response provides reassurance about the pain level, it does not address the client's fear of needles and may not alleviate their concerns.
D: This response is a form of coercion and may create a barrier to effective communication and trust between the nurse and the client.
In summary, response A is the most appropriate as it respects the client's autonomy, addresses their fear, and promotes collaborative decision-making.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is developing a teaching plan for an older adult client who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which of the following expected outcomes should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The client will wear his reading glasses when drawing up a dose of insulin glargine. This is important to ensure accurate dosage measurement, preventing dosing errors. Using reading glasses can help the older adult see the markings clearly, reducing the risk of under or overdosing. Option A is incorrect because taking an additional dose of insulin glargine prior to exercise without proper guidance can lead to hypoglycemia. Option C is incorrect because the deltoid muscle is not a recommended injection site for insulin glargine. Option D is incorrect as insulin glargine is typically administered once a day at the same time each day, not necessarily before each meal.