ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer the varicella vaccine to a group of clients. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as having a contraindication for receiving this immunization?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Clients with AIDS have weakened immune systems, making them more susceptible to adverse reactions from live vaccines like the varicella vaccine. This contraindication is due to the risk of developing severe complications from the live virus in the vaccine. Clients with compromised immune systems should not receive live vaccines.
A: Allergy to eggs is not a contraindication for the varicella vaccine as only a severe allergic reaction to eggs is a concern.
B: Age or living in a long-term care facility does not impact the contraindication for the varicella vaccine.
C: Recent HPV vaccination does not affect the contraindication for the varicella vaccine.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is evaluating a client who received subcutaneous sumatriptan 1 hour ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pressure in the chest. Sumatriptan is a medication used to treat migraines and can cause chest pressure or tightness as an adverse effect due to its vasoconstrictive properties. This effect can be concerning as it may mimic symptoms of cardiac issues. Visual disturbances (choice
A) and phonophobia (choice
B) are common symptoms of migraines and not typically associated with sumatriptan adverse effects. Numbness of the tongue (choice
D) is not a common adverse effect of sumatriptan. Overall, the chest pressure is the most critical finding to identify and monitor for with this medication.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer filgrastim 5 mcg/kg/day subcutaneous to a client who weighs 143 lb. How many mcg should the nurse administer per day?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of filgrastim for the client, first convert the weight from pounds to kilograms (143 lb / 2.2 = 65 kg).
Then, multiply the weight by the prescribed dosage (65 kg * 5 mcg/kg = 325 mcg/day).
Therefore, the correct answer is A. The other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct calculation method or have inaccurate values. It's crucial to convert the weight to kg and apply the correct dosage per kg to determine the accurate daily dose.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following factors predisposes this client to developing digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Taking a high-ceiling diuretic. High-ceiling diuretics, such as furosemide, can cause hypokalemia, which increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. Digoxin toxicity occurs more frequently when potassium levels are low because digoxin competes with potassium for binding sites on the sodium-potassium pump in cardiac cells. Low potassium levels can lead to enhanced digoxin binding and subsequent toxicity. Other choices are incorrect because having a prolapsed mitral valve, a history of COPD, or taking an HMG CoA reductase inhibitor do not directly predispose a client to digoxin toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to mix short-acting insulin with NPH insulin from two vials. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to inject air into the vial to withdraw the short-acting insulin first. This prevents contamination of the NPH insulin vial. Drawing air into the vial equalizes pressure, making it easier to withdraw the correct dose. Drawing NPH insulin first can contaminate the short-acting insulin vial. Administering the insulin within 20 minutes is not necessary. Using two separate syringes is not required for mixing insulins.