ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 4
A nurse is caring for a client who develops an anaphylactic reaction to IV antibiotic administration. After assessing the client's respiratory status and stopping the medication infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A. Administer epinephrine IM.
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis as it acts quickly to reverse the severe symptoms. Administering it intramuscularly helps in rapid absorption and onset of action, improving the client's chances of recovery.
Summary of Other
Choices:
B. Elevating the client's legs and feet is not the priority in anaphylaxis. While it may help with blood circulation, it does not address the immediate life-threatening symptoms.
C. Giving diphenhydramine IM can be considered as an adjunct therapy, but it is not the initial treatment for anaphylaxis.
D. Replacing the infusion with 0.9% sodium chloride does not address the anaphylactic reaction and should not be the first action taken in this situation.
Question 2 of 4
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about how to self-administer subcutaneous injections of enoxaparin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ensure that the air bubble remains in the syringe. This instruction is crucial when administering enoxaparin to prevent injecting air into the subcutaneous tissue, which can lead to air embolism. Removing air bubbles ensures accurate dosage delivery. Releasing the skin fold (
A) helps with accurate injection depth but is not specific to enoxaparin. Injecting into the lateral thigh (
B) is not recommended for enoxaparin, as the abdomen is the preferred site. Rubbing the site after injection (
D) can cause bruising and is unnecessary.
Question 3 of 4
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following actions should the nurse take to prevent adverse effects?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Change the IV tubing every 24 hours. This is crucial to prevent infection and maintain the integrity of the TPN solution. Regular tubing changes reduce the risk of bacterial growth and contamination, which can lead to serious complications like sepsis. Performing blood glucose monitoring hourly (
A) is important but not directly related to preventing adverse effects of TPN. Monitoring the client's weight weekly (
B) is not as immediate or critical as changing the IV tubing. Changing the IV dressing every 96 hours (
D) is too infrequent and increases the risk of infection.
Question 4 of 4
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who is receiving filgrastim. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: WBC count. Filgrastim is a medication that stimulates the production of white blood cells (WBCs). Monitoring the WBC count is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment as an increase in WBC count indicates the medication is working to boost the immune system.
A: INR (International Normalized Ratio) is a measure of blood clotting, not relevant for evaluating filgrastim effectiveness.
B: BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) is a measure of kidney function, not related to filgrastim therapy.
C: Potassium level monitoring is important for other medications but not specifically for filgrastim.
In summary, monitoring the WBC count is crucial in assessing the response to filgrastim therapy, while the other laboratory values are not directly related to its effectiveness.
Question 5 of 4
A nurse is preparing to administer total parenteral nutrition to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Keeping the total parenteral nutrition solution refrigerated until 1 hour before infusion helps maintain its stability and prevent microbial growth. Changing the solution every 36 hours (
A) is unnecessary and could lead to wastage. Obtaining the client's weight three times a week (
C) is important for monitoring fluid balance but not directly related to administering TPN. Checking the client's WBC count daily (
D) is not necessary for administering TPN and may not be relevant to the client's condition.