ATI RN
ATI Nur 211 Med Surg Exam Unit 4 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Constipation can be uncomfortable and may require management, but it is not typically a direct complication of peptic ulcer disease. While it is important to address, it does not pose an immediate threat to the client’s health. Epigastric discomfort is a common symptom of peptic ulcer disease and can indicate that the ulcer is active or that the patient is experiencing gastric distress. However, it does not indicate a severe or life-threatening condition and should be managed but is not a priority finding. Hematemesis, or vomiting blood, is a serious symptom that indicates possible bleeding from the ulcer. This is a potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical intervention, as it can lead to significant blood loss and complications such as shock. Dyspepsia refers to general digestive discomfort, which may include symptoms like bloating, nausea, and heartburn. While it is a common symptom in peptic ulcer disease, it does not indicate an urgent medical condition.
Question 2 of 5
The patient reports experiencing frequent watery stools after eating undercooked meat at a restaurant. Which health care provider prescription would the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metronidazole is an antibiotic used for certain infections, but it is not the first action without evaluation. Loperamide can worsen infectious diarrhea by retaining pathogens. A CBC provides health information but is not an immediate intervention. Collecting a stool sample is crucial to identify the causative organism, guiding appropriate treatment.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) about dietary and lifestyle modifications. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Sodium reduction is not specific to GERD. Staying upright prevents reflux. Elevated bed position reduces nighttime reflux. A high-fiber, low-fat diet minimizes symptoms. Snacks may be tolerated and are not universally avoided.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has manifestations of a Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Masks are not needed for C. diff, which is not airborne. Contact precautions prevent spore spread. Blood tests are not used for C. diff diagnosis; stool tests are standard. Alcohol-based sanitizers are ineffective; soap and water are required.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a peptic ulcer. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor for this condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bulimia involves episodes of binge eating followed by purging and can lead to a range of gastrointestinal issues, including esophageal damage and electrolyte imbalances. However, it is not a direct risk factor for the development of peptic ulcers. While it can affect the digestive system, it does not inherently increase the risk of ulcers. Green tea is generally considered to have health benefits and is not typically associated with an increased risk of peptic ulcers. In some cases, it may even provide protective effects against gastric ulcers due to its antioxidant properties. Moderate alcohol consumption can have varying effects on gastric mucosa. While excessive alcohol consumption is a risk factor for developing ulcers, moderate consumption, such as a glass of wine with dinner, is not typically considered a significant risk factor. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can irritate the gastric lining and inhibit the production of protective mucus, leading to an increased risk of developing ulcers.