ATI RN
ATI Fundamental Exams Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Fluid overload increases blood volume, causing increased heart rate to maintain cardiac output, increased respiratory rate due to pulmonary congestion, and increased blood pressure from vessel pressure. Hematocrit decreases due to dilution, and temperature is not directly affected.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of dementia. The client is alert and oriented to person, place, and time, and has advance directives. The client is scheduled for a procedure that requires informed consent. Which of the following persons should sign the informed consent?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client, being alert and oriented with decision-making capacity, should sign the informed consent. Caregivers, partners, or those with power of attorney only sign if the client lacks capacity.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and reports having shortness of breath and swelling in his lower extremities. Upon assessment, the nurse notes the client has crackles in his lungs and an elevated blood pressure. The nurse should suspect which of the following based on the client's manifestations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shortness of breath, swelling, crackles, and elevated blood pressure suggest hypervolemia (fluid overload), common in ESKD due to impaired fluid excretion. Hyponatremia, hypovolemia, and hyperkalemia have different symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about palliative care. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Palliative care can be integrated with curative treatment, focusing on symptom management and quality of life, not limited to facilities or terminal illness, and not aimed at curing.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer blood to a client. The unit of blood on hand is type $O$ negative, and the client has type A positive blood. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type O negative blood is universally compatible and can be safely administered to a client with type A positive blood in emergencies. Administering the blood as ordered is appropriate, with no need for further orders, incident reports, or blood bank notification.