ATI RN
ATI Fundamental Exams Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and reports having shortness of breath and swelling in his lower extremities. Upon assessment, the nurse notes the client has crackles in his lungs and an elevated blood pressure. The nurse should suspect which of the following based on the client's manifestations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shortness of breath, swelling, crackles, and elevated blood pressure suggest hypervolemia (fluid overload), common in ESKD due to impaired fluid excretion. Hyponatremia, hypovolemia, and hyperkalemia have different symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client whose partner died 3 years ago and reports that they are still unable to accept the loss. The nurse should identify that the client has manifestations of which of the following types of grief?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prolonged grief persists beyond typical mourning, impairing function, as seen in the client’s inability to accept the loss after 3 years. Disenfranchised grief lacks recognition, anticipatory is pre-loss, and uncomplicated resolves over time.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of dementia. The client is alert and oriented to person, place, and time, and has advance directives. The client is scheduled for a procedure that requires informed consent. Which of the following persons should sign the informed consent?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client, being alert and oriented with decision-making capacity, should sign the informed consent. Caregivers, partners, or those with power of attorney only sign if the client lacks capacity.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following clients is eligible for hospice care? (Select All that Apply)
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Clients with stage IV breast cancer (3-month prognosis), end-stage kidney disease post-dialysis, and terminal lung cancer discontinuing treatment are eligible for hospice due to life expectancy of six months or less. COPD and diabetes clients don’t automatically qualify without a terminal prognosis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for four hospitalized clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as being at risk for fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gastroenteritis with fever causes fluid loss via vomiting, diarrhea, and sweating, increasing fluid volume deficit risk. Renal failure and heart failure cause fluid excess, and brief NPO status is less severe.