ATI RN
ATI Fundamental Exams Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and reports having shortness of breath and swelling in his lower extremities. Upon assessment, the nurse notes the client has crackles in his lungs and an elevated blood pressure. The nurse should suspect which of the following based on the client's manifestations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypervolemia. In end-stage kidney disease, the kidneys are unable to effectively regulate fluid balance, leading to fluid retention. The client's shortness of breath, lower extremity edema, crackles in the lungs, and elevated blood pressure are all indicative of fluid overload. Hypervolemia results from an excess of fluid in the intravascular space, causing symptoms such as pulmonary congestion (crackles in the lungs), peripheral edema, and hypertension. Hyponatremia (
A) would present with neurologic symptoms rather than respiratory and cardiovascular findings. Hypovolemia (
C) would manifest with hypotension and decreased urine output. Hyperkalemia (
D) would typically present with cardiac manifestations such as arrhythmias, muscle weakness, and ECG changes.
Question 2 of 5
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Question 3 of 5
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Question 4 of 5
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Question 5 of 5
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