ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a long history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the emergency department confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Regular insulin is the preferred choice for treating diabetic ketoacidosis. It is a short-acting insulin that can rapidly reduce blood glucose levels and is used intravenously for immediate intervention in DKA.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of asthma. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to use to abort an acute asthma attack?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist (SAB
A), which is the medication of choice for relieving acute asthma symptoms. It acts quickly to relax the muscles of the airways and relieve bronchospasm.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has streptococcal pneumonia and a prescription for penicillin G by intermittent IV bolus. 10 minutes into the infusion of the third dose, the client reports that the IV site itches and that he feels dizzy and short of breath. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client is likely experiencing an allergic reaction to penicillin, such as anaphylaxis, which can cause symptoms like itching, dizziness, and difficulty breathing. The first step is to stop the infusion immediately to prevent further exposure to the allergen.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse administers desmopressin to a client who has a diagnosis of diabetes insipidus. The nurse recognizes that which of the following laboratory findings indicate a therapeutic effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A urine specific gravity of 1.015 is within the normal range and indicates more concentrated urine, which is a therapeutic effect of desmopressin. The medication helps the kidneys retain water, leading to more concentrated urine, and improving symptoms of diabetes insipidus.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 1-day postoperative following a total laryngectomy and has begun a soft diet. The client is not eating well and tells the nurse that the hospital food has no taste. Which of the following responses is appropriate for the nurse to make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A total laryngectomy involves the removal of the larynx, which can impact both the ability to smell and taste. This is due to the altered airflow and the loss of normal sensory processes. Explaining this to the patient is an appropriate response.