ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 9 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who has extensive partial and full-thickness burns of the head, neck, and chest. The nurse should identify which of the following risks as the priority for assessment and intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Airway obstruction is the priority due to potential edema, inflammation, or inhalation injury in burns of the head, neck, and chest, which can compromise oxygenation and lead to respiratory failure.
Question 2 of 5
A client newly diagnosed with glaucoma has a history of asthma. Which of the following medications newly prescribed by the eye doctor will the nurse question?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reason: Antibiotics are not contraindicated for a client with glaucoma and asthma, as they can treat or prevent infections that may affect the eye or the respiratory system. Reason: This is the correct answer because non-selective beta blockers are contraindicated for a client with glaucoma and asthma, as they can reduce intraocular pressure but also cause bronchoconstriction and exacerbate asthma symptoms. Reason: NSAIDs are not contraindicated for a client with glaucoma and asthma, as they can reduce inflammation and pain that may affect the eye or the respiratory system. Reason: Anticoagulants are not contraindicated for a client with glaucoma and asthma, as they can prevent or treat thromboembolic events that may affect the eye or the respiratory system.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse provides instructions to a client diagnosed with inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBS) about measures to treat diarrhea caused by acute flare-ups. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increasing dietary fiber, especially during flare-ups, can worsen diarrhea in IBS by increasing stool bulk and motility. Low-fiber diets are recommended during acute episodes.
Question 4 of 5
A client arrives to the emergency department after falling from a ladder. The client has a loss of sensation and flaccid paralysis. Which of the following complications of an acute spinal cord injury does the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reason: Hemorrhage is not a complication of an acute spinal cord injury, but rather a possible cause of it. Hemorrhage can occur due to trauma or rupture of blood vessels in or around the spinal cord, leading to compression and damage of the nerve tissue. Reason: This is the correct choice. Spinal shock is a complication of an acute spinal cord injury that occurs within minutes to hours after the injury. It is characterized by loss of sensation, motor function, reflexes, and autonomic function below the level of injury. It is caused by transient disruption of nerve conduction and synaptic transmission in the spinal cord. Reason: Apoptosis is not a complication of an acute spinal cord injury, but rather a cellular process that occurs after it. Apoptosis is programmed cell death that occurs in response to injury or stress. It can lead to further loss of neurons and glial cells in the spinal cord over time. Reason: Neurogenic shock is a complication of an acute spinal cord injury that occurs within hours to days after the injury. It is characterized by hypotension, bradycardia, and peripheral vasodilation due to loss of sympathetic tone and unopposed parasympathetic activity. It is caused by disruption of autonomic pathways in the spinal cord.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse collects health history from a 65 year old client. Which of the following risk factors in the client's history puts the client at the highest risk for embolic stroke?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of embolic stroke by causing blood pooling in the heart, leading to clot formation that can travel to the brain and block an artery.